BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop and evaluate the construct validity and reliability of modernized social cognitive measures relating to physical activity behaviors in adolescents. METHODS An instrument was developed based on constructs from Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory and included the following scales: self-efficacy, situation (perceived physical environment), social support, beh...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop and evaluate the reliability and factorial validity, of social-cognitive measures related to adolescent healthy eating behaviors. METHODS A questionnaire was developed based on constructs from Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory and included the following scales: self-efficacy, intentions (proximal goals), situation (perceived environment), social support,...

The refractive indices of E7 liquid-crystal mixture were measured at six visible and two infrared sl=1.55 and 10.6 mmd wavelengths at different temperatures, using Abbe and wedged cell refractometer methods, respectively. The experimental data of the visible wavelengths fit the extended Cauchy equations well. Using the extended Cauchy equations, we can extrapolate the refractive indices of E7 t...

A variety of plots are available in Mplus 7.2 that can be used to visually evaluate the fit of the model. We can inspect the fit on a more detailed level where individual observations are plotted. Such level of detail usually can not be obtained when standard SEM fit statistics are used such as chi-square statistics and CFI/TLI indices. These standard SEM fit statistics are usually based on a g...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect roles of psychiatric symptoms, social support, and meaning in life in predicting internet addiction among university students. Methods: The study was performed in a cross-sectional design by employing the path analysis to explore the model fitting. All the students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences constituted t...

This article explores the non-monotonic nature of the programmer learning that takes place during incremental program development. It uses a constructivist learning model that consists of four fundamental cognitive activities: absorption that adds new facts to the knowledge, denial that rejects facts that do not fit in, reorganization that reorganizes the knowledge, and expulsion that rejects o...

A two-step process is commonly used to evaluate data–model fit of latent variable path models, the first step addressing the measurement portion of the model and the second addressing the structural portion of the model. Unfortunately, even if the fit of the measurement portion of the model is perfect, the ability to assess the fit within the structural portion is affected by the quality of the...

A controversial area in covariance structure models is the assessment of overall model fit. Researchers have expressed concern over the influence of sample size on measures of fit. Many contradictory claims have been made regarding which fit statistics are affected by N. Part of the confusion is due to there being two types of sample size effects that are confounded. The first is whether N dire...

As multilevel models (MLMs) are useful in understanding relationships existent in hierarchical data structures, these models have started to be used more frequently in research developed in social and health sciences. In order to draw meaningful conclusions from MLMs, researchers need to make sure that the model fits the data. Model fit, and thus, ultimately model selection can be assessed by e...