We provide a tractable model of counterparty risk in an intermediated risk transfer market, and analyze the consequences of this risk being private information. We show that unknown type information can be revealed when large trades are observable; however, the allocation is shown to be constrained inefficient. The inefficiency is highlighted by considering the imposition of a transaction tax, ...

The European Medicines Agency has taken important steps towards increasing its transparency over recent years. Mr Gotzsche and Mr Jorgensen themselves have acknowledged that the Agency's new access to documents policy which became effective in November 2010 has pushed transparency further forward than in most other drug regulatory authorities. The current policy grants wider access than ever be...

A b s t r a c t We predict a strikingly different A and Q 2 dependence of quasielastic leptoproduction of the ρ 0 (1S)-meson and its radial excitation ρ ′ (2S) on nuclei. Whereas for the ρ 0 production nuclear transparency T A decreases monotonically with A, for the ρ ′ nuclear transparency T A can have the counterintuitive nonmonotonic A-dependence, having the minimum for light nuclei, and inc...

We propose distributed protocol for generation of random numbers via computer systems. The protocol is specifically designed to fit the needs of random selection as it is performed in public sphere and is inspired by real problems, which are posing difficulties for Bulgarian judicial system. Random selection in public sphere is meant to be mechanism for increasing the transparency and reducing ...

Subjects matched the brightness of test patches located within a larger surround, where the surround was made to appear either different in reflectance from neighboring regions, or of the same reflectance but viewed beneath a transparent film. In both conditions the luminance and spatial extent of the immediate surround was equivalent, thus controlling for the effects of local contrast. Perceiv...

SnO2 is a prototype "transparent conductor," exhibiting the contradictory properties of high metallic conductivity due to massive structural nonstoichiometry with nearly complete, insulator-like transparency in the visible range. We found, via first-principles calculations, that the tin interstitial and oxygen vacancy have surprisingly low formation energies and strong mutual attraction, explai...

Miniaturization and increasing portability of computers will require users in the future to access the network regardless of location. In such an environment, host migration transparency will be an essential feature of wide area networks. In order to achieve host migration transparency, we introduced the concept of virtual network and the propagating cache method [7]. As an example of a virtual...