agriculture has a key role to play in reducing poverty and hunger in many developing countries. about 75% of the world's poor live in rural areas and most are dependent on agriculture and related activities in the rural economy. for this reason the benefits for developing countries’ farmers have been shown to be substantial if oecd member countries reformed their agricultural policies. the issu...

Background There is an increasing trend of international migration of health professionals from low- and middle- income countries to high-income countries as well as across middle-income countries. The WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel was created to better address health workforce development and the ethical conduct of international recruitment. T...

We show that even in the absence of diminishing returns in production and technological spillovers, international trade leads to a stable world income distribution. This is because specialization and trade introduce de facto diminishing returns: countries that accumulate capital faster than average experience declining export prices, depressing the rate of return to capital and discouraging fur...

the future of contested strategic competitions in the indian ocean the indian ocean has received new attention in recent years because of its economic and strategic importance. the region is seen as a theatre for great power rivalries mainly between the united states, china, and india. in this regard, this paper assesses how the indian ocean region is coping with the challenges of global powers...

This paper examines the hypothesis that industries engaged in international fragmentation of production experience greater skill upgrading using a panel dataset of Japanese manufacturing over the period 1980-2000. The novelty of the study comes from the use of a newly constructed index using trade data on parts and components to measure intraindustry variations in the degree of international ve...

BACKGROUND Controlling the pandemic spread of newly emerging diseases requires rapid, targeted allocation of limited resources among nations. Critical, early control steps would be greatly enhanced if the key risk factors can be identified that accurately predict early disease spread immediately after emergence. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we examine the role of travel, trade, and na...

We propose a theory that explains why international trade can widen a wage gap between top income-earners and others. In the basic model, we consider two symmetric countries in which individuals with different abilities work either as knowledge workers, who develop products produced in a differentiated-good sector, or as production workers, who engage in actual production processes. In equilibr...

The spirit of trade is mutual benefits among all participants. However, current international trade is just like a zero-sum solution with winners and losers and developing a feeling of distrust among participants. Responsible international fisheries trade is an important tool to promote economic growth of many countries and the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been encouraging free trade as a...