We examined the hypothesis that situational (or state) motivation can generalize from one situation to another via activation by associated cues. In an experimental setting, a neutral cue (a computer tone sequence) was paired repeatedly with controlling feedback. We then assessed the effect of presenting this conditioned cue during a subsequent task on participants! motivation for that novel ta...

Four experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that performance is particularly undermined by time pressure when people are avoidance motivated. The results supported this hypothesis across three different types of tasks, including those well suited and those ill suited to the type of information processing evoked by avoidance motivation. We did not find evidence that stress-related emot...

This study tries to expand the understanding of the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational innovation at the organizational level. This research proposes a conceptual framework to explain the components of transformational leadership while focusing on the relationship between each component and organizational innovation. A sample of 219 managers from 63 companies in...

the objective of this paper is to provide an overview of various approaches on iran’s nuclear program and the frameworks within which the approaches can be located. it first addresses different views held in relevant think tanks and academic circles in the u.s. regarding iran’s nuclear program, including motivation-based and consequence-based arguments in their different variants. then iranians...

Student motivation during adolescence has become an increasingly important issue for educators and researchers. Using a goal theory perspective, researchers have investigated a range of goals (including achievement goals, social goals and future goals) that influence students’ desire to achieve at school. The present study examines the range of goals pursued by adolescents (N=195) from two seco...

We discuss the expectancy-value theory of motivation, focusing on an expectancy-value model developed and researched by Eccles, Wigfield, and their colleagues. Definitions of crucial constructs in the model, including ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and the components of subjective task values, are provided. These definitions are compared to those of related constructs, including sel...

in recent years, performance gap between private and public sector has affected researchers of public administration to pay attention to the concept of public service motivation. present research has been accomplished aiming at improving public service motivation among employees of public sector and is intended to identify effective factors on public service motivation. for this reason, 196 peo...

Motivation and cognition are commonly modeled as distinct processes: motivation as some form of initiating and directing — pushing and pulling — behavior, and cognition as the manipulation of encoded representations in memory. This produces grave difficulties in understanding the interrelationships between them, and their interactions in behavior and development. I argue for a model of represen...

a survey on attitude of health workers of west azerbaijan health centers based on herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory 2006 a barati , f hosseini , s akbari received: 16 july, 2009 accepted: 25 oct, 2009 abstract background & aims: one of the main and important elements of every organization is to care for human source. staff satisfaction and motivation are of high significance in organiza...

the purpose of this research is study of effective factors on women motivations from watching serials persian-language satellite channel of gem (gem tv). this research depending on the type arrangement of variables and research goals in template of schemes correlation- comparative is foundation. the statistical population of this study is consisted of all women audience network series of gem (g...