porous media has interesting features in compared with free flame combustion due to the extended of the lean flammability limits and lower emissions. advanced new generation of internal combustion (ic) engines are expected to have far better emissions levels both gaseous and particulate matter, at the same time having far lower fuel consumption on a wide range of operating condition. these crit...

Highly energetic thermite compounds have potential applications in combustion synthesis of various materials and processes, but they are hard to ignite by conventional means. A new technique for ignition of pure thermite powder in air atmosphere, using localized microwaves, was demonstrated recently. This exothermic zero-oxygen-balanced reaction may occur underwater, but due to the hydrophobic ...

A new laser technology which achieves nearly 100 nm quasi-continuous tuning using only injection current control in a four-section Grating-Coupler, Sampled-Reflector (GCSR) laser was used to simultaneously detect CO and CO2 in room-temperature gas mixtures. The same GCSR laser was used to perform in-situ measurements of CO, H2O, and OH in the exhaust gases of a methane/air flame. This laser is ...

background: flat urothelial lesions comprise a spectrum of morphologic changes ranging from reactive atypia to carcinoma in situ (cis). urothelial dysplasia and cis are associated with the recurrence and progression of urothelial carcinoma. distinguishing cis and dysplasia from reactive atypia based on histolopathogical features alone is often difficult. using different immunohistochemical mark...

knowledge of the orientation of horizontal in situ stresses is important to some areas of oil and gas field development plans. borehole breakouts observed in image logs and drilling-induced fractures are the main parameters for the determination of the stresses’ directions in situ. in this work, the orientations of borehole breakouts were investigated as a function of depth in oil wells a and b...