Stratospheric and tropospheric NO2 variability on the diurnal and annual scale: a combined retrieval from ENVISAT/SCIAMACHY and solar FTIR at the Permanent Ground-Truthing Facility Zugspitze/Garmisch R. Sussmann, W. Stremme, J. P. Burrows, A. Richter, W. Seiler, and M. Rettinger IMK-IFU, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Institute of Environmental Physics, University ...

This paper explains a model that shows that the conventional debate over whether earthquakes obey a Gutenberg-Richter Distribution or a Characteristic Distribution at a specific fault could be unfounded. The model, in the mean-field approximation, predicts a mode-switching phase and a Gutenberg-Richter phase that gives rise to the possibility of time-dependent seismic behavior. A qualitative ph...

INTRODUCTION Abdominal wall hernias through the arcuate line termed Spigelian hernias are uncommon. These hernias presenting as a Richter-type, with strangulation of part of the circumference of the bowel wall is very rare. PRESENTATION OF CASE We report a 27-year-old male patient who presented with a Richter-type Spigelian hernia. LITERATURE REVIEW A MEDLINE literature search of this rare ...

Universalities and intriguing analogies in the statistics of avalanches are revealed for three physical systems defined on largely different length energy scales. Earthquakes induced by tectonic scale dynamics, micro-scale level quakes observed from slipping crystallographic planes metals a one-dimensional, room-scale spring-block type Burridge-Knopoff model is studied similar statistical viewp...

r ichter syndrome is a clinical condition in which indolent chronic lymphocytic leukemia evolves into a more aggressive diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Maurice Nethaniel Richter first described this phenomenon in 1928, which was named the “Richter syndrome” in 1964 [1]. Due to the aggressive nature of the disorder, the clinical manifestations, prognosis and treatment differ from CLL1 [2]. Sympto...

Dear Editor-in-Chief On January 28, the city of Khoy (the northwest of Iran) was struck by a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 5.9 on the Richter scale at 21:44:44 and a depth of 7 km, X: 45.01 and Y: 38.05 (1). This earthquake occurred 117 kilometers from Urmia, the capital of the West Azerbaijan Province. Over 370,000 people were affected by this earthquake, which resulted in three death...