A solution is given for the elastic stress field in a half plane containing a plane crack parallel to the surface and subjected to a uniform normal pressure and a concentrated normal load. Frictional slip according to Coulomb's law is permitted between the crack faces. As the load is increased, a slip zone originates and grows either from a crack tip or from an intermediate point. Various arran...

How animals cope with increases in body size is a key issue in biology. Here, we consider scaling of xenarthrans, particularly how femoral form and function varies to accommodate the size range between the 3 kg armadillo and its giant relative the 300 kg glyptodont. It has already been noted that femoral morphology differs between these animals and suggested that this reflects a novel adaptatio...

OBJECTIVE The compressive tolerance of the cervical spine has traditionally been reported in terms of axial force at failure. Previous studies suggest that axial compressive force at failure is particularly sensitive to the alignment of the cervical vertebra and the end conditions of the test methodology used. The present study was designed to develop a methodology to combine the data of previo...