Let $p:Xlo B$ be a locally trivial principal G-bundle and $wt{p}:wt{X}lo B$ be a locally trivial principal $wt{G}$-bundle. In this paper, by using the structure of principal bundles according to transition functions, we show that $wt{G}$ is a covering group of $G$ if and only if $wt{X}$ is a covering space of $X$. Then we conclude that a topological space $X$ with non-simply connected universal...

The usage of social theories in the human-built environment caused to enhance life quality. It may consist of human needs in residential areas. Sometimes, building codes can help to exist accepted life space, but the building codes do not have basic theory such as actual open space in residential plots. The study was an attempt to represent a new approach in urban land subdivision and the relat...

let a be a bounded linear operator on a banach space x. we investigate the conditions of existing rank-one operator b such that i+f(a)b is invertible for every analytic function f on sigma(a). also we compare the invariant subspaces of f(a)b and b. this work is motivated by an operator method on the banach space ell^2 for solving some pdes which is extended to general operator space under some ...

The idea of probabilistic metric space was introduced by Menger and he showed that probabilistic metric spaces are generalizations of metric spaces. Thus, in this paper, we prove some of the important features and theorems and conclusions that are found in metric spaces. At the beginning of this paper, the distance distribution functions are proposed. These functions are essential in defining p...

climate is a multivariate system. every change in every climate variable could result in different changes in climate. recently, experts have paid extensive attention to frequency distribution sequence of climate elements. accordingly, many different indices have been defined. precipitation extremes can exhibit the phase space of climate system. a technique that can be used to analyze climate p...