This article presents an overview of electrochemical sensors that employ nanomaterials and utilize electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for analyte detection. The most widely utilized nanomaterials in impedance sensors are gold (Au) nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Au nanoparticles have been employed in impedance sensors to form electrodes from nanoparticle ensembles and to amplify ...

In this work, the single Op-Amp with load-in-the-loop topology as a current source is revisited. This circuit topology was already used as a voltage-controlled current source (VCCS) in the 1960s but was left unused when the requirements for higher frequency arose among the applications of electrical bioimpedance (EBI). The aim of the authors is not only limited to show that with the currently a...

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) enables the examination of electrochemical nature electrodes and cells by applying an alternating voltage (or current) measuring resulting current voltage). The resistance capacitance components electrode can be evaluated AC changing frequency. In particular, analysis using equivalent circuit determine important parameters related to reaction electro...