Infant Milk Formula (IMF) is designed as a breastmilk substitute to satisfy the nutritional requirements during first months of life. This study investigates effects two IMF processing technologies on cow milk protein digestion using an infant static in vitro gastrointestinal model. The degree hydrolysis at end gastric phase was 3.7-fold higher for produced by high temperature (IMF-HT), compare...

The objectives were to estimate genetic parameters needed to elucidate the relationships of a molecular breeding value (MBV) for marbling, intramuscular fat (IMF) of yearling bulls measured with ultrasound, and marbling score (MRB) of slaughtered steers, and to assess the utility of MBV and IMF in predicting the breeding value for MRB. Records for MRB (n = 38,296) and IMF (n = 6,594) were from ...

Multiple multi-frequency impedance measurements during the computer controlled passage of a probe through the M. longissimus dorsi in pork and beef were applied. It was expected that the variability in impedance would correlate with the intramuscular fat (IMF) due to the inhomogeneous distribution of electrolytes and fat. We conducted our experiments in pig carcasses at different, well defined ...

Previously, the single nucleotide polymorphism in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1C c.-64T>C) was shown to have an association with intramuscular fat (IMF) in the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle when vitamin A was limited in finishing rations of beef steers. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum vitamin A supplementation level, in combination with ADH1C genotype, to increase IMF of...

Where do we go from here? The Fall-Winter 2020 issue of the IMF Research Perspectives considers this question and analyzes impact COVID-19 pandemic. research showcased in looks at history social unrest aftermaths pandemics, discusses inequalities telework, places COVID lending conditions under microscope, examines how economic activity has been shaped by people’s reaction to virus resulting pol...

Abstract Palatability of meat is known to be affected by intramuscular fat (IMF), but the effect in relatively low-fat New Zealand lamb unknown. This study evaluated eating quality 108 loins (M. longissimus lumborum) from a single flock ewe-lambs. Loins ranged 1.09–5.68% IMF and were stratified into 6 groups: 1.65, 2.12, 2.65, 3.20, 3.58 4.40%. Consumers' (n = 165) overall liking increased sign...

There is both theoretical and empirical evidence that the initial mass function (IMF) may be a function of the local star formation conditions. In particular, the IMF is predicted to flatten with increasing local luminosity density ρl, with the formation of massive stars being preferentially enhanced in brighter regions. In R136, the bright stellar cluster in 30 Doradus, the IMF gradient is ∂Γ/...

It has frequently been suggested in the literature that the stellar IMF in galaxies was top-heavy at early times. This would be plausible physically if the IMF depended on a mass-scale such as the Jeans mass that was higher at earlier times because of the generally higher temperatures that were present then. In this paper it is suggested, on the basis of current evidence and theory, that the IM...