Extracting neuronal spiking activity from large-scale two-photon recordings remains challenging, especially in mammals in vivo, where large noises often contaminate the signals. We propose a method, MLspike, which returns the most likely spike train underlying the measured calcium fluorescence. It relies on a physiological model including baseline fluctuations and distinct nonlinearities for sy...

The HEGRA system of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detects Cherenkov light produced by air showers. The concept of stereoscopic observation with the five HEGRA telescopes allows the reconstruction of various shower parameters, for example the shower direction, the location of the shower core and the energy of cosmic rays. One of the telescopes was modified so that measurements...

We report a new approach to preparing phantoms using 3D printing. This device supports plastic tubing containing the contrast agent and is immersed in a solution with absorption or scattering properties that mimic tissue. Up to 12 tubing samples could be placed in the device with sample-to-sample spacing as low as 0.3 mm and at a constant distance from the transducer (±0.16 mm), which is critic...

The popularity of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in remote sensing continues to lead to it being adapted in novel ways to overcome challenging imaging problems. This paper reports on research efforts exploring the phenomenology of using HSI as an aid in detecting and tracking human pedestrians. An assessment of the likelihood of distinguishing between pedestrians based on the measured spectral ref...

Often experimentalists study particulate samples that are nominally monodisperse. In reality, many samples have a polydispersity of 4-10%. At the level of an individual particle, the consequences of this polydispersity are unknown as it is difficult to measure an individual particle size from images of a dense sample. Here we propose a method to estimate individual particle radii from three-dim...

In commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the molecular cloning of the gene for the green fluorescent protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, I would like to reflect on the development of new fluorescence imaging technology in the last two decades. As this technology has become increasingly diversified, it has become more and more of a challenge to come up with a comprehensive and exhau...

Advances in chemistry and physics have profound effects on neuroimaging. Current and future progress in these disciplines will continue to aid in efforts to visualize neural circuitry, particularly in deeper layers of the brain.

ABSTXACT This paper describes the study of the possibility of x-ray stress measurement in which stresses are obtained by analyzing the whole of one diffraction ring detected with a two-dimensional x-ray detector called an imaging plate (IP). The theory of the stress determination proposed by Taira et al (1978) was shown and advanced to make measurable all plane stress components. The experiment...

Two canonical representations for regularization of unit sphere functions encountered in the context of high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) are discussed. One of these is based on spherical harmonic decomposition, and its one-parameter extension via Tikhonov regularization. This case is well-established, and is mainly reviewed for the sake of completeness. The second one is new, a...

Imperfections in the spotlight: fluorescence microscopy was used to detect defects in metal-organic frameworks formed during synthesis. In contrast to currently available techniques, confocal fluorescence microscopy offers the advantage of three-dimensional imaging at the single-crystal level combined with the sensitivity required to study the start of defect formation.