A total of 52 serum samples from patients with symptoms suggestive of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection and positive IgM and/or IgG antibodies were tested for IgG avidity. Acute/recent TBEV infection was confirmed by low/borderline avidity index (AI) in 94.8% IgM positive/IgG positive samples, while in 5.2% high AI was found indicating persisting IgM antibodies. Majority of IgM neg...

Objective To assess the prevalence of dual positive NMOSD and outline its clinical phenotype. Background Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) is an autoimmune syndrome that frequently for Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) IgG or Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoproteins (MOG) IgG. However, positivity to both rare. Design/Methods This a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary healthcare...

background: different methods have been used for bcg vaccination. alginate microspheres are useful in delivery of vaccines to the gastrointestinal tract by oral route. objective: to compare the immune response following oral microencapsulated and subcutaneous (sc) route administration of bcg vaccine in balb/c mice. methods: alginate microspheres were produced by an internal emulsification metho...

We used an ELISA employing extracts of human glomerular basement membrane (GBM) to detect, characterize, and evaluate the clinical significance of glomerular-binding IgG in patients with SLE nephritis. Most patients with SLE nephritis exhibited GBM-binding IgG, although many patients with active nonrenal SLE or symptomatic, drug-induced lupus had similar reactivity, albeit at lower levels. IgG ...

IgG antibodies can suppress more than 99% of the antibody response against the antigen to which they bind. This is used clinically to prevent rhesus-negative (Rh-) women from becoming immunized against Rh+ erythrocytes from their fetuses. The suppressive mechanism is poorly understood, but it has been proposed that IgG/erythrocyte complexes bind to the inhibitory Fc receptor for IgG (FcgammaRII...

Quantitative anti-F1 and anti-V IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed to measure the serological response of female Swiss Webster mice after vaccination with the recombinant fusion protein, rF1-V, which is being developed as a plague vaccine. Several fundamental parameters of the ELISA were evaluated: specificity, precision, accuracy, and stability. Experimental results...

Although vaccination against Salmonella has been used more frequently in broiler breeders in recent years, there is limited information in the literature demonstrating the immunological response of combinations of live and killed whole cell vaccines. The present research assesses the immunological response generated by three different vaccination protocols. Treatment vaccines consisted of a liv...

Signals from thymus-processed T cells are important in determining the quantities of various immunoglobul in (Ig) classes of ant ibody (Ab) 1 synthesized in response to antigen (1-6). We have recently reported that T cells can preferentially enhance the production of certain IgG isotypes, namely IgG2a, in the B cell response to the type 2 T-independent (TI-2) antigen, 2 trinitrophenyl (TNP)-Fic...

BACKGROUND Much effort is being devoted for developing new indicators to evaluate the human exposure to Aedes mosquito bites and the risk of arbovirus transmission. Human antibody (Ab) responses to mosquito salivary components could represent a promising tool for evaluating the human-vector contact. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To develop a specific biomarker of human exposure to Aedes aegy...

Immune factors are involved in modulating neointimal response to arterial wall injury, but the role of individual immune effectors in this response remains unclear. Using a carotid cuff injury model in mice, we tested the role of immunoglobulin isotypes in modulating intimal thickening by using adoptive transfer of splenocytes from WT mice, or the direct administration of IgG or IgM into immune...