The protracted absence of muscle activation initiates complex cellular and molecular reactions aimed at restoring functional neuromuscular transmission and preventing degenerative processes. A central aspect of these reactions is the sprouting of intramuscular nerves in the vicinity of inactivated muscle fibers. Sprouts emerging from terminal nerve branches and nodes of Ranvier can reestablish ...

The acid-labile subunit (ALS) is known to interact with the IGF binding protein (IGFBP) in the presence of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). Studies, however, indicate that ALS forms a doublet with IGFBP3, independent of IGFs. To characterize the structural domain required for the IGF-free ALS-IGFBP3 interaction, seven recombinant human IGFBP3 mutants were generated: three deletion mutants an...

The insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of six secreted proteins which bind to and modulate the actions of insulin-like growth factors-I and -II (IGF-I and -II). IGFBP-5 is more conserved than other IGFBPs characterized to date, and is expressed in adult rodent muscle and in the developing myotome. We have shown previously that C2 myoblasts secrete IGFBP-5 as their...

In previous work using market-weight pigs, we had demonstrated that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are regulated during shipment characterized by changing conditions of stress due to loading or unloading, transportation, lairage, and slaughter. In addition, we found in a previous study that IGFBP-2 concentrations were lower in pigs tr...

The effects of different doses of thyroxine (T(4)) delivered by injection or s.c. pellet implantation on alterations of the IGF/IGF binding protein (IGFBP) system were studied in neonatal and adult thyroidectomized (Tx) rats. Body weight, blood glucose, plasma insulin, TSH and GH and pituitary GH content, as well as serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, -2 and -3 and their liver mRNA expression were as...

The role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor in regulating the growth of melanoma cells was evaluated by examining the effect of antibody-mediated IGF receptor inhibition on the growth of four human melanoma cell lines in culture and as xenotransplants in athymic mice. All four cell lines expressed typical type I IGF receptors and an antibody to this receptor (aIR-3) inhibited [I25...