OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of caudal bupivacaine and bupivacaine-tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing hypospadias surgery. STUDY DESIGN Quasi experimental study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from February 2006 to August 2007. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted on 60 male children un...

Intraventricular conduction disorders and reentrant arrhythmias in dogs can be produced by high plasma bupivacaine concentrations. The authors' aim was to determine if these conduction disturbances also occurred at moderate plasma bupivacaine concentrations (2.2-3.7 micrograms/ml) when in association with other factors which affect intracardiac conduction, such as hyponatremia and hyperkalemia....

Epidural analgesia is a popular and effective method for pain relief during labor. Bupivacaine is a commonly used local anesthetic for labor epidural analgesia. Ropivacaine is an amino acid local anesthetic that is structurally related to bupivacaine with a similar potency and duration, but ropivacaine has less cardiac toxicity than bupivacaine and produces less motor blockade. These properties...

BACKGROUND Post-thoracotomy pain is the most severe types of postoperative pain. This study compares the effects of intrapleural bupivacaine and morphine on post-thoracotomy pain. METHODS In a double blind clinical trial study, 30 patients candidate for unilateral thoracotomy were randomly divided into bupivacaine and morphine groups. Patients in the morphine group received 0.2 mg/kg morphine...

BACKGROUND In the past, the efficacy of local infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine for total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients was in debate. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether local infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine provides better pain relief after THA. METHODS We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases to the April 2017. ...

Pain is common after a bone graft has been taken from the iliac crest (Kurz, Garfin and Booth 1989). Local wound infiltration with bupivacaine at closure is effective, but relief lasts for only four hours (Todd and Reed 1991). We report a method of infusing bupivacaine which gives effective and lasting analgesia. Patients and methods. Patients requiring iliac crest grafts were randomly selected...

BACKGROUND Unacceptable adverse effects, contraindications to and/or ineffectiveness of World Health Organization step III "pain ladder" drugs causes needless suffering among a population of cancer patients. Successful management of severe cancer pain may require invasive treatment. However, a patient's refusal of an invasive procedure necessitates that clinicians consider alternative options. ...

Because it has been reported that hypoxia in rats may promote lipid peroxidation and other free radical reactions that could modify membrane lipids and proteins, the effect of acute hypobaric hypoxia on human erythrocyte membranes was investigated. 12-(1-Pyrene)dodecanoic acid fluorescent probe was used to assess short-range lateral diffusion status in the membrane bilayer. Membrane protein mod...

Amethocaine 1% solution was mixed with equal volumes of water, 0.9% saline or 10% dextrose to prepare respectively, hypobaric, isobaric and hyperbaric solutions which were compared for intradural spinal anaesthesia in 60 patients. Thirty patients received 10 mg and 30 patients received 15 mg of amethocaine. Injections were made with the patients in the lateral recumbent position and the operati...

We administered combined femoral 3 in 1 and sciatic nerve blocks to provide postoperative pain relief in 22 consecutive patients undergoing elective knee replacement surgery under spinal anaesthesia. The patients were allocated randomly to two groups. In group A (n = 11) the blocks were performed with 0.5% bupivacaine (with adrenaline) 3 mg/kg body weight and in group B (n = 11) 0.5% plain bupi...