Background—Bilirubin, a natural product of heme catabolism by heme oxygenases, was considered a toxic waste product until 1987, when its antioxidant potential was recognized. On the basis of observations that oxidative stress is a potent trigger in vascular proliferative responses, that heme oxygenase-1 is antiatherogenic, and that several studies now show that individuals with high-normal or s...

introduction: neonatal jaundice is the most common cause of hospitalization.animal study demonstrated a decrease in serum bililrubin level after zinc treatment in hyperbilirubinemic rats. the objective of this study was the investigation of serum zinc level in the neonates with idiopatic .   materials and methods: a case-control study was undertaken on 263 neonates in a neonatal intensive care ...

The hepatocellular uptake of the glutathione conjugate of bromosulfophthalein (BSPGSH) was examined in Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rats (EHBR; originating from Sprague-Dawley rats), which lacked the ATP-dependent canalicular transport for non-bile acid organic anions, a trend common to other mutant rat strains (TR- and GY, originating from Wistar rats). Single-pass perfused rat liver experiments w...

infant jaundice is observed during the first week of life in approximately 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants. hyperbilirubinemia may lead to the development of kernicterus, hearing loss, and convulsion. the goal of therapy in hyperbilirubinemia is lowering blood bilirubin levels or at least preventing its increase. it is recommended that phototherapy and if unsuccessful, blood exchange tra...

Recombinant adenoviruses (Ads) are highly efficient at transferring foreign genes to the liver in vivo; however, the duration of gene expression is limited by the host antiviral immune response, which prevents expression upon readministration of the virus. To test whether overexpression of the immunomodulatory products of the early Ad genome region 3 (E3) could prevent the antiviral immune resp...

Mdr1a-, Bcrp-, and Mrp2-knockout rats are a more practical species for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies than murine models and previously demonstrated expected alterations in the pharmacokinetics of various probe substrates. At present, gene expression and pathology changes were systematically studied in the small intestine, liver, kidney, and brain tissue from...

The glucuronide conjugate of methyl 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethylvaleryl)-4-hydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-naphthoate (S-8921; S-8921G) is a 6000-fold more potent inhibitor of an ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (SLC10A2) than S-8921 and is responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effect of S-8921 in rats. Because S-8921G is formed in the intestine and liver, the present stud...

There is increasing interest in developing efficient screening platforms to predict drug-induced liver injury. Therefore, we explored a microscope-based analysis to quantitatively evaluate interaction of drugs with multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), essential for hepatic excretion of drugs in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes (SCRHs), using 5 (and 6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluores...