Background: Two point four out of 100 people suffer from one or more fractures in the course of average lifetimes. Traditional casts are featured as cumbersome structures that result in high risk of cutaneous complications. Clinical demands for developing a hygienic cast have gotten more and more attention. 3D printing technique is rapidly growing in the fabrication of custom-made rehabilitatio...

Aim: To evaluate the hygienic quality of raw chicken meat and raw milk sold in the local markets of Patna with reference to isolation of Salmonella and antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella against commonly used antibiotics. Materials and Methods: A total of 370 samples comprising of 228 chicken meat and 142 market milk samples were processed for isolation and serotyping, supplemented wit...

Hygienic behaviour (HB) is a social immunity trait in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) whereby workers detect, uncap and remove unhealthy brood, improving disease resistance in the colony. This is clearly economically valuable; however, the molecular mechanism behind it is not well understood. The freeze-killed brood (FKB) assay is the conventional method of HB selection, so we compared odour pro...

The purpose of this study was the antimicrobial functionalization of paper pulp with natural biopolymer chitosan. Laboratory paper sheets were prepared for this purpose from paper pulp with incorporated chitosan. The prepared paper sheets were analysed regarding amino group content, mechanical properties and hydrophilicity. All of these parameters are important for hygienic applications of pape...

CPS macros written using Scheme’s syntax-rules macro system allow for guaranteed composition of macros and control over the order of macro expansion. We identify a limitation of CPS macros when used to generate bindings from a non-unique list of user-specified identifiers. Implementing a pattern matcher for the miniKanren relational programming language revealed this limitation. Identifiers com...

Introduction: Tinea capitis is common among schoolchildren in developing countries but underreported in Madagascar. We report the occurrence of an outbreak of gray patch tinea capitis due to Microsporum langeronii in a public primary school of Antananarivo, the capital city of Madagascar. Methodology: Forty-two children were included, 27 (64%) of them presenting with tinea capitis and 32 (76%) ...

Pump-type containers are easy to use and also hygienic because the contents do not contact with the air. In this regard, pump-type containers are widely used from detergent to cosmetics. However, sometimes users have to throw the lotions away even if there is still remaining lotion in containers. Thus there is a need to take the measures against the pumptype containers that cause a waste. An ex...

the paper aimed to assess the factors affecting the willingness of tomato producer to produce organic products in alborz province in crop year 2010-11. the collected data was analysis by descriptive analysis and logit econometrics model. the results of descriptive analysis showed among 90 respondents, 42.2% willing for conversion to organic agriculture.  the results of logit model estimation in...

BACKGROUND Unprotected hydrodynamic debridement can produce aerosols, with the risk of cross-contamination and infection for patients and medical staff. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hygienic safety and the role of aerosol prevention of a pulsatile debridement. METHODS & MATERIALS Bacterial emissions during debridement of chronic ulcer wounds of seven patients using the Debri-Jet hydrodynamic i...

Hygienic behavior (HB) is one of the natural mechanisms of honey bee for limiting the spread of brood diseases and Varroa destructor parasitic mite. Objective of our study was to measure HB of Apis mellifera unicolor colonies (N = 403) from three geographic regions (one infested and two free of V. destructor) in Madagascar. The pin-killing method was used for evaluation of the HB. Responses wer...