This is the first of a proposed series of Special Issues of Hydrological Sciences Journal meant to give state-of-the-art overviews of the sciences covered in the different Commissions and Committees of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). The International Committee for Remote Sensing and Data Transmission (ICRSDT) organized this first Special Issue to cover the curren...

The recently published Bedmap2 datasets mark the culmination of several decades of subice and subocean Antarctic topographic surveying by many nations, but maps of the topographic data distribution show that in the global context, the Antarctic bed remains very poorly sampled. Most of the remaining large unmapped areas on Earth lie under Antarctic ice and polar surveying continues to be difficu...

Many of the scientific and societal challenges in understanding and preparing for global environmental change rest upon our ability to understand and predict the water cycle change at large river basin, continent, and global scales. However, current large-scale land models (as a component of Earth System Models, or ESMs) do not yet reflect the best hydrologic process understanding or utilize th...

a knowledge of rainfall distribution over a finite area is needed for small bydraulic structures design. hydrologists have always been concerned about depth- area- duration (dad) for a specific storm in a watershed. an intense storm occurred on june 6, 1992 which claimed some lives in parts of mashhad, khorasan province, iran. data of rainfall depth at 29 raingauge stations around the city and ...

istSOS (Istituto scienze della Terra Sensor Observation Service) is an implementation of the Sensor Observation Service standard from Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The development of istSOS started in 2009 in order to provide a simple implementation of the Sensor Observation Service (SOS) standard for the management, provision and integration of hydro-meteorological data collected in Canton...

The scale “jump” in hydrology and agriculture from the small scale at which individual processes such as infiltration, soil water redistribution, evapotranspiration, soil loss or crop development/yield have been studied, to the global scale at which climate change impacts and international trade in agriculture manifest themselves, has presented agrohydrologists with conceptual as well as practi...

[1] Relationships between channel characteristics (e.g., mean depth, water surface width, mean velocity) and discharge, known as hydraulic geometry (HG), have been extensively used by hydrologists and geomorphologists since the seminal work of Leopold and Maddock [1953]. On the basis of recent empirical evidence that the parameters of at-site HG depend systematically on the contributing area (s...

[1] Human activities exert global‐scale impacts on our environment with significant implications for freshwater‐driven services and hazards for humans and nature. Our approach to the science of hydrology needs to significantly change so that we can understand and predict these implications. Such an adjustment is a necessary prerequisite for the development of sustainable water resource manageme...

The Pacific Gas and Electric Company, the largest investor-owned energy utility in the United States, obtains a significant fraction of its electric energy and capacity from hydrogeneration. Although hydro provides valuable flexibility, it is subject to usage limits and must be carefully scheduled. In addition, the amount of energy available from hydro varies widely from year to year, depending...

[1] The focus in the search for more reliable predictions in ungauged basins (PUB) has generally been on reducing uncertainty in watershed models (mainly their parameters). More recently, however, we seem to remember that the ultimate objective is not to define the parameters of a specific model but to understand the watershed: What behavior do we expect the ungauged watershed to exhibit? And w...