Our team has developed a number of phantoms suitable for advanced training ultrasound diagnostic doctors, as well testing their knowledge and skills. Phantoms are made durable materials can be considered analogues foreign commercial models. The used allow modeling different levels echogenicity, rigidity, they given clinically realistic shapes. applicable practicing the skills diagnostics in gra...

background: in radiation therapy, water is the phantom material of choice, both for reference and for relative dosimetry measurements. solid phantoms, however, are more useful for routine measurements because they tend to be more robust and easier to set up than water phantoms. materials and methods: fluka input data cards have been arranged in sequential order. a simple cylindrical geometry wi...

background: polymer gel dosimetry is still the only dosimetry method for direct measuring of threedimensional dose distributions. mri polymer gel dosimeters are tissue equivalent and can act as a phantom material. in this study the obtained isodose maps with pagat polymer gel dosimeter were compared to those calculated with egsnrs for singleshot irradiations of 8 and 18 mm collimators of gamma ...

objectives: bone quality and quantity assessment is one of the most important steps in implant treatment planning. different methods such as computed tomography (ct) and recently suggested cone beam computed tomography (cbct) with lower radiation dose and less time and cost are used for bone density assessment. this in vitro study aimed to compare the tissue density values in hounsfield units (...

For the validation of complex diffusion imaging techniques like q-ball imaging that aim to resolve multiple fiber directions, appropriate phantoms are highly desirable. However, previous q-ball imaging phantoms had diffusion anisotropies well below those of in vivo white matter. In this work, fiber phantoms of well-defined geometry are presented. The fibers are wound on a spherical spindle yiel...

Organ dose is the absorbed radiation energy from ionizing radiation to an organ, divided by the organ mass. Organ doses of a patient cannot be measured directly in the patient, but their determination requires dose measurements in anthropomorphic patient models i.e. phantoms or Monte Carlo simulations. Monte Carlo simulations can be performed for example by using computational phantoms or patie...

UNLABELLED Noninvasive methods are needed to explore the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and its modulation by therapy. Hybrid PET/MRI systems are being developed for small-animal and clinical use. The advantage of these integrated systems depends on their ability to provide MR images that are spatially coincident with simultaneously acquired PET images, allowing combined functional MRI an...

introduction: in this study, arrangement of a low-cost optical tomography device compared to other methods such as frequency domain diffuse tomography or time domain diffuse tomography is reported. this low-cost diffuse optical imaging technique is based on the detection of light after propagation in tissue. these detected signals are applied to predict the location of in-homogeneities inside p...

Introduction After the publication of Task Group number 43 dose calculation formalism by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), this method has been known as the most common dose calculation method in brachytherapy treatment planning. In this formalism, the water phantom is introduced as the reference dosimetry phantom, while the attenuation coefficient of the sources in the...