We study the problem of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control in a typical commercial building. We propose a model predictive control (MPC) approach which minimizes energy use while satisfying occupant comfort constraints. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used to efficiently solve the resulting bilinear optimization problem. This paper presents the control des...

This paper proposes a new sub-threshold low power 9T static random-access memory (SRAM) cell compatible with bit interleaving structure in which the effective sizing adjustment of access transistors in write mode is provided  by isolating writing and reading paths. In the proposed cell, we consider a weak inverter to make better write mode operation. Moreover applying boosted word line feature ...

Static electric field therapy by high voltage alternating current (EF-HVAC) is a traditional complementary Japanese medicine used for headache, shoulder stiffness, chronic constipation and insomnia. Open-label studies and clinical experience in Japan have suggested that this electric field therapy is safe and effective in treating chronic arthritis. We evaluated the efficacy of EF-HVAC therapy ...

Control of energy flows within a building is critical to achieving optimal performance of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. To design optimal HVAC control strategies, a dynamic model of the HVAC system – particularly the building zones that it services – is essential. As analysis of building energy consumption is facilitated by the accurate prediction of indoor environme...

While significant research has been done on applying equation-oriented object languages, such as Modelica, to the simulation of complex systems, much research remains to use such languages for generating application-specific embedded code. We describe a method for using a hybrid system language (as a reference model), from which we generate reduced-order models suitable for creating embedded co...

In this paper we derive a general model and reliable identification procedures that can be applied autonomously for online forecasting of wall, zone, and whole building transient thermal responses. Several important aspects of building HVAC operation—fault detection, curtailment, verification, model-based control, and commissioning—are enabled or facilitated by use of accurate building-specific...

A project was initiated to investigate concerns regarding the application of duct smoke detectors (ASHRAE RP-1079). The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of driving forces, dilution, aging, smoke stratification, filters, and sample tube efficacy on smoke detector response. As one part of this project, a series of full-scale fire tests were conducted in a ten-story facilit...

The efficient operation of building systems is important energy efficiency, comfort and safety. Determining when maintenance is required or when a fault has occurred is the focus of this work. We show how to use available performance data in a methodology for improved maintenance scheduling through anomaly detection. We apply two statistical prognostic techniques – Particle Filters and Gaussian...

Nearly 20% of total energy consumption in the United States is accounted for in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Smart sensing and adaptive energy management agents can greatly decrease the energy usage of HVAC systems in many building applications, for example by enabling the operator to shut off HVAC to unoccupied rooms. We implement a multi-modal sensor agent that i...

An operational cost minimisation model is established for a smart energy hub (S.E. Hub) consisting of combined heat and power (CHP) unit, heating, ventilation air-conditioning (HVAC) system, thermal electricity storage units. The optimal operation CHP with the load management HVAC under time-of-use (TOU) tariff. split ratio dynamically determined during operation. scheduling charging/dischargin...