AIM Lipids are the main source of calories and considered very important in infant growth. We aimed to compare fatty acid composition of term and preterm breast milk. This is the first study that compares the fatty acid levels of preterm and term breast milk in Turkish women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast milk samples were obtained from mothers of term (n = 15) and preterm (n = 15) infants on ...

The concentration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is generally lower in breast milk than in blood. Mastitis, or inflammation of the breast, is associated with increased levels of milk HIV-1 and risk of mother-to-child transmission through breastfeeding. We hypothesized that mastitis facilitates the passage of HIV-1 from blood into milk or stimulates virus production within the br...

We examined the prospective associations between breast milk concentrations of erythropoietin, a factor with trophic effects on infant gut epithelia, and the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through breast-feeding in a study of 59 MTCT cases and 116 controls nested within a cohort of antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected Tanzanian women. Controls wer...

Imidazolium-labeled (ITag-) glycosides are used to harness the glycosyltransferase activity directly from human breast milk. The covalently attached ionic labels provide a bifunctional chemical handle that is used to monitor reaction progress by MS, as well as aid in product purification from complex mixtures. The technology is exemplified in the synthesis of biologically relevant oligosacchari...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this investigation is to determine if Epstein Barr virus (EBV), high risk human papillomavirus (HPV), and mouse mammary tumour viruses (MMTV) co-exist in some breast cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the specimens were from women residing in Australia. For investigations based on standard PCR, we used fresh frozen DNA extracts from 50 unselected invasive breast canc...

Background: Breastfeeding is the best food for infants. Prolactin is combined with the corresponding receptors on the alveoli that produce milk, and milk production begins. We aimed to review the effect of fennel and black seed on breast milk, prolactin levels and anthropometric index in human and animal samples. ...

Among 30 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected women who received single-dose nevirapine (NVP), 17 (57%) had NVP-resistant HIV-1 detected in breast milk. NVP resistance in breast milk persisted for at least 8 months postpartum and was apparently transmitted to at least 1 infant. NVP resistance was detected less often in women who also received zidovudine.

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of women breast-feeding during the last decade. Since little is known about the excretion of antihypertensive drugs into human breast milk, the management of hypertension during lactation can be problematical. To enable the clinician to better advise the hypertensive, lactating mother, the published literature on the excretion of antihypertensive...

In this study, concentrations of dioxins and related compounds (DRCs)--such as polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls--were found in human breast milk from women living near dumping sites of municipal waste and reference sites in India, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines during 1999 to 2000. DRCs were detected in all human b...