PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hyperosmolarity is a central mechanism causing ocular surface inflammation and eye irritation in typical patients suffering from tear dysfunction. Tear composition in dry eyes, or dysfunctional tear syndrome, may destabilize the tear film and cause ocular surface epithelial disease. Increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), especially MMP-9, plays a critical role...

Aim: To develop a reliable and objective non-touch technique for determination of tear volume and tear secretion by means of tear film fluorophotometry. Methods: 10 defined concentrations of sodium fluorescein were given in an artificial chamber and measured by the Fluorotron Master (Coherent Radiation Inc). A calibration line was established and the calibration equation was programmed into the...

Dry eye is highly prevalent and has a significant impact on quality of life. Acupuncture was found to be effective to treat dry eye. However, little was known about the effect of acupuncture on different subtypes of dry eye. The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of tear meniscus assessment by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of acupuncture...

OBJECTIVE To determine the tear production in dogs admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN Prospective observational study from November 2010-September 2011. SETTING Private emergency and referral hospital. ANIMALS Thirty healthy control dogs and 30 dogs hospitalized in an ICU for treatment of systemic illness without previously diagnosed ophthalmic disorders and no recent histor...

Great strides have recently been made in quantitative measurements of tear film thickness and thinning, mathematical modeling thereof and linking these to sensory perception. This paper summarizes recent progress in these areas and reports on new results. The complete blink cycle is used as a framework that attempts to unify the results that are currently available. Understanding of tear film d...

PURPOSE This study was designed to determine the ability of ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) to monitor tear meniscus volume after dry eye treatment with Restasis(®) (0.05% cyclosporine). METHODS UHR-OCT was used to image the upper and lower tear menisci (height and volume) in 14 consecutive dry eye patients at baseline. The treatment group was initiated on daily R...

AIM To develop a reliable and objective non-touch technique for determination of tear volume and tear secretion by means of tear film fluorophotometry. METHODS 10 defined concentrations of sodium fluorescein were given in an artificial chamber and measured by the Fluorotron Master (Coherent Radiation Inc). A calibration line was established and the calibration equation was programmed into the...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the association between tear film fluorescence changes during tear break-up (TBU) or thinning and the concurrent ocular sensory response. METHODS Sixteen subjects kept one eye open as long as possible (MBI), indicated their discomfort level continuously, and rated ocular sensations of irritation, stinging, burning, pricking, and cooling using visu...