We examine whether the information content of earnings is inversely related to the degree of conformity between financial accounting income and taxable income. Our inquiry exploits a natural experiment first examined by Guenther et al. (1997) in which a set of U.S. firms were forced to increase their book-tax conformity as a result of a change in the tax law. We find evidence consistent with th...

The present paper attempts to modify definition of catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditure by characterising it based on consumption of necessities. In literature, catastrophic expenditure is defined as that level of OOP health expenditure which exceeds some fixed proportion of household income or household’s capacity to pay. In the present paper, catastrophic health expenditure is define...

sessed. Resource constraints and financial pressures have become common in health care; if Saleh et al. [1] practice in settings where such constraints are absent, they are fortunate indeed. We conclude by agreeing with Hanssen et al. [2] that the use of modeling is not a substitute for well-designed randomized, controlled trials. These have been rare in the field of orthopedic infectious disea...

Phishing has become a substantial threat for internet users and a major cause of financial losses. In these attacks the cybercriminals carry out user credential information and users can fall victim. The current solution against phishing attacks are not sufficient to detect and work against novel phishes. This paper presents a systematic review of the previous and current research waves done on...

The surge in capital flows towards emerging market countries is one of the major developments in the world economy in the 1990s. In particular, short-term flows, in the form of portfolio investments or bank loans, have grown at an extremely rapid pace. At the same time, emerging markets have experienced an increasing number of financial crises, with dire consequences. It is increasingly argued ...

BACKGROUND Health in All Policies (HiAP) is a form of intersectoral action that aims to include the promotion of health in government initiatives across sectors. To date, there has been little study of economic considerations within the implementation of HiAP. METHODS As part of an ongoing program of research on the implementation of HiAP around the world, we examined how economic considerati...

In spite of rapid economic growth and swift structural change during the last two decades, China’s industrial reform is far from complete, especially with regard to state enterprises (SOEs). Although troubled with huge financial losses, heavy debt, and substantial over-staffing, SOEs will continue to play a crucial part in the government policy to maintain social stability and economic growth i...

From the US to China, South Africa to India, governments and citizens are engaged in an active debate about how best to protect people from catastrophic health care costs while ensuring access to health care of adequate quality. While it is widely known that in the US there are 50 million uninsured, it is perhaps less well known that across the world 100 million people are pushed into poverty e...

OBJECTIVE To determine ophthalmologists' views on the Medicare bundled payment model for specialty physicians in the outpatient setting. DESIGN AND METHODS The New England Ophthalmology Society (NEOS) was emailed an anonymous survey. Views of bundled payments and demographic characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Of responding members, 72% (115/160) strongly opposed bundled payments; 68% (1...

Achieving universal health coverage (UHC)—defined as access to needed health services to all and protection against financial risks arising from paying for health services [1]—is among the top priorities of reform agendas across many countries. Provision of health services should be determined by individuals’ need rather than their ability to pay and, at the same time, utilization of services b...