The non-hydrostatic (NH) compressible Euler equations for dry atmosphere were solved in a simplified two-dimensional (2-D) slice framework employing a spectral element method (SEM) for the horizontal discretization and a finite difference method (FDM) for the vertical discretization. By using horizontal SEM, which decomposes the physical domain into smaller pieces with a small communication ste...

While it is widely assumed that the long-range horizontal connections in V1 are present to support contour integration, there has been only limited consideration of other possible relationships between anatomy and physiology (the horizontal connections) and visual function beyond contour integration. We introduce the possibility of other relationships directly from the perspective of computatio...

Neurons in primary visual cortex respond selectively to oriented stimuli such as edges and lines. The long-range horizontal connections between them are thought to facilitate contour integration. While many physiological and psychophysical findings suggest that collinear or association field models of good continuation dictate particular projection patterns of horizontal connections to guide th...

Coding of sensory information often involves the activity of neuronal populations. We demonstrate how the accuracy of a population code depends on integration time, the size of the population, and noise correlation between the participating neurons. The population we study consists of 10 identified visual interneurons in the blowfly Calliphora vicina involved in optic flow processing. These neu...

This study empirically investigates the effect of foreign ownership on research and development (R&D) investment based on firm-level panel dataset for the period 2000-2008 taken from the Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities. The results reveal the following. First, the “integration effect” on R&D is negative for domestic or foreign majority ownership. Second, although the ...

The horizontal integration of systems by message-based communication via middleware products is a widespread method of application integration to ensure an adequate loose coupling of participating systems and applications. For the description of such service integration processes, the use of functionally oriented process description languages, like WSBPEL, is gaining in importance. However, the...