During postural responses to perturbations, horizontal plane forces generated by the cat hindlimb are stereotypically directed either towards or away from the animal's center of mass, independent of perturbation direction. We used a static, three-dimensional musculoskeletal model of the hindlimb to investigate possible biomechanical determinants of this "force constraint strategy." We hypothesi...

Many single-neuron recording studies have examined the degree to which the activity of primary motor cortex (M1) neurons is related to the kinematics and kinetics of various motor tasks. This has not been explored as extensively for arm movement-related neurons in posterior parietal cortex area 5. We recorded the activity of 78 proximal arm-related neurons in area 5 of two monkeys while they us...

We performed three-dimensional analysis of the conjoint changes of digit forces during prehension (prehension synergies) and tested applicability of the principle of superposition to three-dimensional tasks. Subjects performed 25 trials at statically holding a handle instrumented with six-component force/moment sensors under seven external torque conditions; -0.70, -0.47, -0.23, 0.00, 0.23, 0.4...

Nonlinear static procedure (NSP) is a common technique to predict seismic demands on various building structures by subjecting a monotonically increasing horizontal loading (pushover) to the structure. Therefore, the pushover analysis is an important part of each NSP. Accordingly, the current paper aims at investigating the efficiencyof various algorithms of lateral load patterns applied to the...

Discovering hidden features in a representation without being fixated to a single perspective of viewing it is one of the crucial acts in creative activities. The process of designing through conceptual sketches is no exception; designers should be able to discover in an unexpected way visual/spatial features of sketched elements which were not intended when the elements were being sketched. Ho...

Currently, ‘dark tourism’ is gaining popularity as a new tourism concept. Dark tourism is different from simple leisure, and its purpose is based on the succession of local grief or praying for dead people. ICT can be made more effective by optimising the potential of dark tourism. In this study, dark tourism will be analysed in terms of ICT.

Subjects held an instrumented object in a tripod grasp and moved it in the horizontal plane in various directions. The contact forces at the digits were measured and the grip force was decomposed into 2 components: a manipulating force responsible for accelerating the object and a grasping force responsible for holding the object steady. The grasping forces increased during the movement, reachi...

The classical water wave problem concerns the irrotational flow of a perfect fluid of unit density subject to the forces of gravity and surface tension. The fluid motion is described by the Euler equations in a domain bounded below by a rigid horizontal bottom {y = −h} and above by a free surface which is described as a graph {y = η(x, z, t)}, where the function η depends upon the two horizonta...

T he removable partial denture (RPD) continues to be an essential prosthetic consideration in many oral reconstructions, especially when edentulous ridges posterior to a patient’s remaining teeth are to be restored. Posterior distal extension partial denture bases present a number of design challenges. Of particular concern is the equitable distribution of forces to maintain remaining alveolar ...

Measuring personality is a complex task. Besides difficult content-based problems there are some psychometric issues to be met, i. e. socially desirable answering tendencies. The present study uses simulation-based objective personality measurement to meet these psychometric issues. Computer-based “guard” and “stray” scenars are developed and tested in two samples of Special Forces applicants r...