Skeletal muscle atrophy results from various conditions including high levels of glucocorticoids, and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB; a metabolite of leucine) is a potent therapeutical supplement used to treat various muscle disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that HMB inhibits dexamethasone-induced atrophy in cultured myotubes, but its effect on dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy ha...

H. Jones, M.D. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA nal intensities on T1and T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement, relationship with adjacent fascia or tendon, secondary bone involvement, and intratumoral necrosis. In 19 cases the pathology findings were available for review and for a comparative MR-pathology study. Results. On T1-weighted images, lesions ...

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a tumor composed of variable proportions of adipose tissue, spindle and epithelioid smooth muscle-like cells and abnormal thick-walled blood vessels which are usually benign. AML is relatively common in kidney and liver. Gastric angiomyolipoma (GAML) is extremely rare and only 2 cases were reported in the literature. Diagnosis of AML is difficult owing to its rarity and ...

The occurrence of angiomyolipoma (AML) in tissue other than the kidney is uncommon, as is multiple AML developing exclusively in organs other than the kidney. This report describes a case in which AML occurred multifocally in the liver and lung, but spared the kidney, and which might have been associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). A Japanese woman underwent a partial hepatectomy for...

PURPOSE To access the reliability of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in harvesting a sufficient amount of viable melanoma cells to establish a cell culture and maintain a melanoma cell line from an animal model of uveal melanoma. METHODS For this study, fifteen male New Zealand albino rabbits had their right eye surgically inoculated with uveal melanoma cell line 92.1. The animals were immunosu...

INTRODUCTION The rare variant of renal epithelioid/pleomorphic angiomyolipoma has been reported in approximately 120 cases. One of the most important characteristics to differentiate these tumors from other renal cell neoplasms is their typical reactivity to premelanosome antigens. If such a tumor does not stain for HMB-45 or Melan-A, a specific diagnosis of epithelioid pleomorphic angiomyolipo...

Aims—To describe the clinical and histopathological features of a rare variant of naevoid melanoma, small cell melanoma, and discuss the histological diVerential diagnoses. Methods—The clinical and histological features of cases of malignant melanoma with the histological features of small (non-Merkel like) melanoma were reviewed and documented. In addition, five cases had available material fo...

Menorrhagia or Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (HMB) remains a public health challenge among women in the reproductive age group. Anti-fibrinolytics such as tranexamic acid and epsilon aminocaproic acid, play an important role in the medical management of HMB, as HMB is associated with an increase in local fibrinolysis. Lysteda is a novel oral formulation of tranexamic acid which has recently been app...

Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecological problem that has a significant impact on a woman's quality of life and the activities of daily living. Due to the difficulty in accurately describing menstrual bleeding abnormalities using older terminology, the PALM-COEIN classification system of the Federation Internationale de Gynecologie et d'Obstetrique was proposed to describe and i...

Benign epithelioid schwannoma is a very rare variant of schwannoma, that can pose a diagnostic challenge. The reported cases were predominantly located in dermal/subcutaneous tissue. Although conventional schwannoma occurring in the posterior mediastinum was common, to our knowledge, no mediastinal benign epithelioid schwannoma was reported in English literature. Herein, we presented a case of ...