نتایج جستجو برای: history of change

تعداد نتایج: 21226183  

2017
Rebecca J. Wilson-Brodie Moira A. MacLean Phillip B. Fenberg

Body size reduction is predicted to be one of the most common ecological responses to climate change, yet examples within some taxonomic groups, such as marine molluscs, are rare. Here, we document a significant reduction in shell size of the rocky shore gastropod Nucella lapillus across the southern UK using natural history collections and modern field data. These results are correlated with t...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014
Robbie Hart Jan Salick Sailesh Ranjitkar Jianchu Xu

Responses by flowering plants to climate change are complex and only beginning to be understood. Through analyses of 10,295 herbarium specimens of Himalayan Rhododendron collected by plant hunters and botanists since 1884, we were able to separate these responses into significant components. We found a lack of directional change in mean flowering time over the past 45 y of rapid warming. Howeve...

2016
Mark Caudell Robert Quinlan

Population growth in the next half-century is on pace to raise global carbon emissions by half. Carbon emissions are associated with fertility as a by-product of somatic and parental investment, which is predicted to involve time orientation/preference as a mediating psychological mechanism. Here, we draw upon life-history theory (LHT) to investigate associations between future orientation and ...

Journal: :Ecology letters 2011
Amy L Angert Lisa G Crozier Leslie J Rissler Sarah E Gilman Josh J Tewksbury Amanda J Chunco

Although some organisms have moved to higher elevations and latitudes in response to recent climate change, there is little consensus regarding the capacity of different species to track rapid climate change via range shifts. Understanding species' abilities to shift ranges has important implications for assessing extinction risk and predicting future community structure. At an expanding front,...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2017
Shane G DuBay Carl C Fuldner

Atmospheric black carbon has long been recognized as a public health and environmental concern. More recently, black carbon has been identified as a major, ongoing contributor to anthropogenic climate change, thus making historical emission inventories of black carbon an essential tool for assessing past climate sensitivity and modeling future climate scenarios. Current estimates of black carbo...

Journal: :international journal of occupational and environment medicine 0
mh azizi academy of medical sciences of the ir iran, tehran f azizi student of veterinary medicine, tehran

lead is a relatively ubiquitous heavy metal with particular features such as resistance to corrosion, high malleability and wide variety of industrial applications. in medicine, however, it is considered as a slow-acting toxic substance affecting multiple body systems, specifically functioning as a potent neurotoxin in the central nervous system. lead poisoning may be acute or chronic and can b...

Journal: :طب سنتی اسلام و ایران 0
فرید قاسملو f ghassemlou

it seems that in spite of huge investments made in history of iranian medicine in recent years, the investments and the perspective of results obtained in studies of history of the islamic era medicine is not what was expected. a reason for this phenomenon can be absence of perspective and theoretical studies in this field. in this study, after explaining the how’s and why’s of the theory devel...

Journal: :research on history of medicine 0
arman zargaran mohammad m. zarshenas afshin borhani-haghighi abdolali mohagheghzadeh

islamic golden age, 9-12 century ad, was the period through which persian scientists and physicians were most influential in improving medical sciences including cardiovascular knowledge. although post-islamic golden age witnessed a number of great persian scholars moving cardiovascular concepts forward, they failed to become as well known as their predecessors. one of these scholars was hakim ...

Journal: :iranian red crescent medical journal 0
hassan yarmohammadi department of history of medicine, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran; research office for the history of persian medicine, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran mohamad h. bahmani kazeruni research office for the history of persian medicine, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran amir soofi department of history of medicine, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran arman zargaran pharmaceutical sciences research center, department of phytopharmaceuticals (traditional pharmacy), school of pharmacy, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran; pharmaceutical sciences research center, department of phytopharmaceuticals (traditional pharmacy), school of pharmacy, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, ir iran. tel: +98-7112304279, fax: +98-7112304279

results bahaodowle razi, a persian physician from the 15th century anno domini (ad), reported two epidemics in harat and one in rey (inold persia) for the first time, one century before baillou. he named it as sorfe-ie-am (meaning public cough). those occurred during his lifetime. explaining about his observations and experiences about this epidemic, bahaodowle razi elaborated on prognosis, sym...

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