Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Dr G C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur-176062, Himachal Pradesh, India Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur176 061, Himachal Pradesh, India Regulatory Research Center, CSIR Institute of Himalayan Bio-resource...

The pattern of fluvial incision across the Himalayas of central Nepal is estimated from the distribution of Holocene and Pleistocene terraces and from the geometry of modem channels along major rivers draining across the range. The terraces provide good constraints on incision rates across the Himalayan frontal folds (Sub-Himalaya or Siwaliks Hills) where rivers are forced to cut down into risi...

16 17 The transfer of precipitation into rivers involves temporary water storage in reservoirs 1,2 such as 18 soils, groundwater, snow and glaciers, where different residence times influence the hydrological 19 cycle. In the central Himalayas, the water budget is considered to be primarily controlled by 20 monsoon rainfall, snow and glacier melt 3,4 , and secondarily by evapotranspiration 3. Th...

Two extreme snowfall events associated with extratropical cyclones, one interacting with the western and one with the central Himalaya, are simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over 8 days. One event in January 1999 was driven by a longwave trough over west Asia, with the cyclone becoming terrain-locked in the western Himalayan notch. Another event in March 2006 was d...

We sequenced part of the mitochondrial control region of 2 Himalayan Ursus arctos isabellinus individuals and compared it with that of other U. arctos. Results indicate that the valid allopatric subspecies U. a. isabellinus represents an ancient clade and includes the Gobi bear of Mongolia as a relict population.

In their Comment, Zeitler et al. do not challenge our results or interpretation. Our study does not disprove coupling between tectonic uplift and erosion but suggests that this coupling cannot be the sole explanation of rapid uplift in the Himalayan syntaxes.

Neuraphes (Pararaphes) mephistopheles n. sp. from Nepal (Taplejung), and N. (P.) qinghaiensis n. sp. from China (Qinghai) are described, illustrated, and compared to allied species. K e y w o r d s : Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae, Neuraphes, Pararaphes, Himalaya, Nepal, Tibet, China, taxonomy, new species. Z u s a m m e n f a s s u n g Neuraphes (Pararaphes) mephistopheles n. sp. aus ...

He–Pb double dating of detrital zircons is more reliable than conventional U–Pb dating for tracing the source of detritus in sediments and can be used to constrain the percentage of recycled material in sediments. Conventional U–Pb dating can be used to constrain the provenance of sediments if the U–Pb zircon age pattern for potential source regions is known but can only be used to trace the so...

We present the first extensive and integrative analysis of niche evolution based on climatic variables and a dated molecular phylogeny of a heterogeneous avian group of Southeast Asian scimitar babblers of the genus Pomatorhinus. The four main clades of scimitar babblers have species that co-occur in similar areas across southern Asia but some have diverged at different timeframes, with the mos...

Exposure to local pollen allergens has a direct bearing on the prevalence of allergic symptoms among the inhabiting atopic population. The populations in the Himalayas and around it are exposed to a variety of pollen grains from trees growing in the region, but the pollen-population interaction has not been clinically investigated. Himalayan tree pollen from five different taxa, i.e. Alnus niti...