A 21-year-old patient with cryptorchidism was found to have a left inguinal mass on physical examination. The patient was operated with a diagnosis of bilateral cryptorchidism and left inguinal hernia. Besides bilateral inguinal undescended testicles, female genital organs like fallopian tubes, uterus and ovary were found on the exploration.

Until recently the determination of the sex of an individual was mainly based upon the gonadal structure, and the sexual individuality identified with this finding. Accordingly a person having testes was a man and one having ovaries a woman. In the hermaphrodites certain anomalies inside the genital tract were considered more or less as anatomical variations from the normal without more profoun...

The accidental discovery, in an inguinal hernia, of a male gonad in a 67-year-old woman is reported. The association of an unambiguous female phenotype with a purely male karyotype and a male gonad suggests the diagnosis of testicular feminisation. The differential diagnosis, particularly of testicular feminisation with true hermaphroditism, is discussed.

We report the present knowledge about RPHM21, a novel male-specific mitochondrial protein with a putative role in the paternal inheritance of sperm mitochondria in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, a species with doubly uniparental inheritance of mitochondria (DUI). We review all the available data on rphm21 transcription and translation, analyze in detail its female counterpart, RPHF22,...

In a recent article Hooker and Strong described a hermaphrodite mouse which was a member of the C57 black strain. They also reviewed the cases of hermaphroditism in rodents which have been recorded in the literature.8 An additional case occurred recently in our laboratory in a mouse of the dilute brown strain. This animal was a descendant of a line in which sexual abnormalities have occurred pr...

I compared sexual(SX) and hermaphroditic(HA) reproduction schemes within the Penna model[1]. A fixed set of parameters was used, to make the results comparable with recent simulations[2]. I also reproduced the results for a selfemerging dominance[2] in an independant simulation for both hermaphroditic and sexual cases. A variation on partner selection was also implemented, this shifted stable p...

Pseudo-hermaphroditism is a rare condition which has much mystique to it. It is generally due to a deficiency of the enzyme 5α-reductase, responsible for the secretion and conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which, in turn, defines the external genitalia during embryonic development. As a result of this, individuals present with ambiguous external genitalia, and do not have a def...

A 13 year old female presented with ambiguous external genitalia, right inguinal ovotestis, left ovary, apparently normal Mullerian system, and absent Wolffian system. Cultured lymphocytes showed a 46,XX/46,XY karyotype. Histopathology of the gonads confirmed true hermaphroditism. The presence of two genetically different erythrocyte populations was observed. The findings suggested that the pat...

A case of true hermaphroditism is reported in which a 46,XY karyotype was associated with a testis and an ovotestis. The dual presence of a Fallopian tube and a vas deferens on the side of the ovotestis is documented as a previously unreported finding.