ABSTRACT- A real-time, site-specific, machine-vision based, inter-row patch herbicide application system was developed and evaluated. The image resolution was 640 × 480 pixels covering a total area of 350 mm x 240 mm of a field composed of four quadrants of 350 mm x 60 mm each. The image frames were processed by LabView® and MatLab®. The developed algorithm, based on weed coverage ratio and seg...

BACKGROUND There are no internationally recognized guidelines regarding HIV for employees on cruise ships. The aim of the study was to survey and compare current practices for crews in the cruise industry regarding HIV testing and prevention. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical representatives from cruise companies were invited to complete a questionnaire on their company's practices regarding HIV-r...

There is perhaps no better symbol of the 21st century than the automobile. It is the dominant means of transport aspired to throughout the world; indeed, many a politician throughout this century has furthered his or her career by promising constituents a greater economic ability to own an automobile. Furthermore, there are more automobiles on the road than any other motorized vehicle. As of 19...

Genetic modification of crop plants has promoted concerns about potential environmental effects of this new technology. In this essay, I will discuss the environmental effects of genetic modification of crop plants using herbicide resistance as an example. Considering herbicide resistance as an old agricultural trait, it is difficult to find any reason to assess the environmental risks of genet...

Aim. This work is devoted to the search for potential partners integrated application of flumioxazine in sunflower crops. herbicide an inhibitor protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) weed plants. The resistance this class herbicides not yet common today, compared other classes. Therefore, aimed at de- veloping flumioxazine-based compositions that effectively prevent emergence herbicide-resistant bio...

Plant resistance to glyphosate has been reported far less frequently than resistance to sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. However, these studies tend to be anecdotal, without side by side comparisons for a single species or natural isolate. In this study, we tested the frequencies of resistance of three herbicides in a controlled ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) saturation mutagenesis exper...

There is an urgent need for rapid, accurate, and economical screening tests that can deter‐ mine if weeds surviving a herbicide application are resistant. This chapter describes de‐ velopment and application of a simple root length bioassay technique for detection of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. This bioassay was performed in 2-oz WhirlPak® bags fi...

The herbicide acifluorfen (2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy-2-nitrobenzoate) causes strong photooxidative destruction of pigments and lipids in sensitive plant species. Antioxidants and oxygen radical scavengers slow the bleaching action of the herbicide. The effect of acifluorfen on glutathione and ascorbate levels in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cotyledon discs was investigated to assess ...

Maritime transport has been playing a decisive role in global trade. Its contribution to the air pollution of the sea and coastal areas has been widely recognized. The air pollutant emission inventories of several harbors in China have already been established. However, the emission factors of local ships have not been addressed comprehensively, and thus are lacking from the emission inventorie...