I just read with great interest the well-written paper by Buchholz and Schoeller that discusses thermodynamics and weight-loss diets (1). However, the authors ignored the fact that the energy utilization of different diets depends on the biochemical pathways taken (2). For example, a low-carbohydrate diet dramatically increases gluconeogenesis relative to a high-carbohydrate diet. Obviously, gl...

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.07.001 2352-3964/© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B Over the past 30 years there has been a controversy about the optimal diet composition for weight loss and maintenance. Some have defended the more conventional low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (Astrup et al., 2000), whereas others point at a restriction in carbohydrates as being more effective. ...

(1) Background: Medical interventions including assisted reproductive technologies have improved fertility outcomes for many sub-fertile couples. Increasing research interest has investigated the effect of low carbohydrate diets, with or without energy restriction. We aimed to systematically review the published literature to determine the extent to which low carbohydrate diets can affect ferti...

The "Carnivore Connection" hypothesizes that, during human evolution, a scarcity of dietary carbohydrate in diets with low plant : animal subsistence ratios led to insulin resistance providing a survival and reproductive advantage with selection of genes for insulin resistance. The selection pressure was relaxed at the beginning of the Agricultural Revolution when large quantities of cereals fi...

OBJECTIVE Low-carbohydrate diets and their combination with high-protein diets have been gaining widespread popularity to control weight. In addition to weight loss, they may have favorable short-term effects on the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our objective was to elucidate their long-term effects on mortality and CVD incidence. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Scien...