In software transactional memory (STM) systems, it is useful to isolate a memory region accessed by one thread from all others, so that it can then operate on it “privately”, that is, without the instrumentation overhead of inter-transactional synchronization. Allowing transactions to implicitly privatize memory is a source of major performance degradation in state-of-the-art STMs. The alternat...

the main purpose of this research was to investigate farmer’s attitude towards privatization of agricultural extension in shirgah district , mazandaran province. the statistical population consisted of 15300 farmers who inhabited as residents in 54 villages. using stratified proportional random sampling, 150 farmers (through cochran formula) were selected. the study revealed that 84% of farmers...

This paper provides a theory on staged or step-by-step privatization. We show that such an approach can be efficient, in the sense that it can successfully transform a state-owned enterprise into an efficient market-based firm by the time when the reform is complete. It may explain the popularity of staged privatization around the world. We have also conducted empirical analysis, which yields s...

This paper attempts to identify the essential elements of the communal land tenure system which contributed to the sustainable use of resources in Africa. A number of factors which could enhance and preserve the sustainable use of communal land tenure systemS (given the socio-economic changes that have taken place) are discussed. Hardin's (1968) idea that resources held in common are likely to ...

This paper uses the critical junctures framework developed by Hogan and Doyle (2007) to determine if there were critical junctures in privatization policy in Brazil and Argentina at the start of the 21 century. The framework constitutes a rigorous approach to the identification of crisis, ideational change, and policy change. It is used to examine the economic disasters in Brazil in 1999 and Ar...

In the Spanish region of Catalonia the industrial sector sensibly lobbied for the privatization of municipality-produced water services in the period 1996 ^ 2002. This paper analyzes the extent to which this result is consequent with observed measures of cross-subsidies in favor of residential consumers. I run a treatment-effects regression on a sample of 133 municipalities in 2000 and 2001. Re...

background: many countries make many of their governmental sectors private. this transition, however, may affect their employees in numerous ways. objective: to determine the level of occupational stress and mental health of employees of a petrochemical company in isfahan, central iran, before and 3 months after privatization. methods: out of the 700 employees of the studied company, using a st...

In this study we analyze the Chilean privatization process as a whole. Since it has been a wideranging process, we examine its different aspects. After a historic review of the privatization process, we study the 37 Chilean State Owned Enterprises (SOE’s) that were privatized during the period 1981-2000 and for which pre-privatization and post-privatization financial, employment and productive ...