Children comprise a significant portion of the agricultural workforce and are exposed to many workplace hazards, including farm machinery, pesticides, poor field sanitation, unsafe transportation, and fatigue from doing physically demanding work for long periods. Migrant farmworker children face the additional hazard of substandard or nonexistent housing in the fields. Children account for a di...

Ambient (outdoor) air pollution is now recognized as an important problem, both nationally and worldwide. Our scientific understanding of the spectrum of health effects of air pollution has increased, and numerous studies are finding important health effects from air pollution at levels once considered safe. Children and infants are among the most susceptible to many of the air pollutants. In a...

© World Health Organization 1999 This section looks back to some of the ground-breaking public health papers of the twentieth century, reproducing them in their original form and adding a commentary on their significance from a modern-day perspective. This month, Alan Lopez reviews the importance of Doll & Hill’s 1950 paper on the potential link between smoking and lung cancer. The original pap...

The health of a senior executive is essentially a matter for some concern, partly because of the direct effects on the executive himself but also, and probably chiefly, because of the indirect effects on the people under his control. It is not implied that the decisions of a healthy executive are necessarily better than those of an unhealthy one, for there is no correlation, to my knowledge, be...

Humans are exposed to ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs) from environmental sources. Exposure to EBDCs is chronic for workers in a variety of industries, where EBDCs are used for their properties as slimicides, vulcanization accelerators, antioxidants, and scavengers in waste-water treatment. EBDCs, and particularly the EBDC metabolite ethylenethiourea, have clearly defined, important toxic ef...

introduction: inequalities in urban environment are a significant concern. socioeconomic level plays an important role in these inequalities. inequality in environmental hazards is recognized as potential determinants of health disparities. materials & methods: in this study, we used individual and cumulative environmental hazard inequality indices to compare the inequality among 379 neighborho...

most people are interested to know the effects of hazards on their life, health and environment. we have decided to answer the question “why hazards science?” in each issue of the journal. the necessity of raising this question isn’t based on the activity of the present magazine entitled hazards science (though the scientific approach we adopt here is a new combined approach), but the numerous ...