BACKGROUND In genera self declared female headed-households in most developing countries tend to be poorer, own less and have less access to job opportunities. OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status of pre-schoolers by gender differentiation of heads of households. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in February 2003. SETTING Four beneficiary villages registered und...

A new species of the dicroglossid frog genus Limnonectes is described from Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeastern Thailand. Limnonectes lauhachindai sp. nov. differs from its congeners by having males with a low-profiled, U-shaped caruncle with free posterior margin that completely occupies, but does not extend beyond, the interobital region. The new species is most closely related to L. gylde...

Dengue occurs throughout the year in Hanoi, Vietnam, despite winter low temperatures <10°C. During July 2010 to March 2012, we surveyed monthly for Aedes larvae and pupae in 120 houses in 8 Hanoi districts. Aedes albopictus preferred discarded containers in summer and pupal density drastically decreased in winter. Aedes aegypti preferred concrete tanks and this preference increased in winter. E...

A system is described which segments musical signals according to the presence or absence of drum instruments. Two different yet approximately equally accurate approaches were taken to solve the problem. The first is based on periodicity detection in the amplitude envelopes of the signal at subbands. The band-wise periodicity estimates are aggregated into a summary autocorrelation function, the...

Although the evolution of genetic color polymorphisms has received much theoretical interest, few empirical studies have investigated the adaptive function of alternative color morphs. Furthermore, most studies have focused almost exclusively on the evolution and adaptive expression of male coloration, leaving the role of conspicuous female coloration largely unknown. Using the color polymorphi...

Using the 2003 Tajikistan Living Standard Survey this paper looks at the relationship between gender and poverty and show how, by modifying the equal sharing assumption of the household resources, we can easily be misled by the poverty and gender relationship. This paper also shows how those gender analyses which use the female headed household and male headed household dichotomy in Tajikistan ...

A research program was conducted on different clay-bearing rocks selected from the Ilam, Sarpol-e Zahab and Tajarak regions (Iran) to predict their slaking characteristics. The new durability apparatus (nested mesh drums) separates disintegrated particles varying from > 25.4 to < 2 mm as the drums were rotated. On the basis of the particle size distribution, the disintegration ratio (DR) was us...

OBJECTIVE Right-angle dual-headed tomography has increased cardiac SPECT utility by cutting acquisition time in half which enhances gating capabilities. When gating, however, a deceleration in heart rate, due to a return to baseline rate after stress or lessened anxiety at the end of a study, may significantly affect the last step(s) of a gated study with possible frame or information loss. The...

This paper describes a real-time beat tracking system that recognizes a rhythmic structure in real-world audio signals sampled from popular-music compact discs. Most previous beat-tracking systems dealt with MIDI signals and had difficulty in processing, in real time, audio signals containing sounds of various instruments and in tracking beats above the quarter-note level. Our system can proces...

This paper deals with a comparative analysis of two different packaging and transport scenarios, which exemplifies the implications of choosing between single-use and reusable packaging. In particular, transport of a batch of chemicals by means of disposable fibre drums vs. reusable steel drums is investigated from a life cycle perspective, and the associated environmental impact in terms of Gl...