Heartburn is a common symptom in clinical practice, but as many 70% of patients have normal findings from upper endoscopy. Most these nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) or functional esophageal disorders. NERD the most phenotype gastroesophageal disease, and heartburn cause for refractory heartburn. In with NERD, symptoms arise hypersensitivity, whereas heartburn, result hypersensitivity. A diagn...

c 2017 The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility J Neurogastroenterol Motil, Vol. 23 No. 4 October, 2017 www.jnmjournal.org Stress exacerbates heartburn symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients and also affects visceral sensitivity. The mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity in functional gastrointestinal disorders and functional heartburn remains unclear. Howe...

QUESTION In addition to suffering from nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, which is being treated with antiemetics, some of my pregnant patients complain of heartburn and acid reflux. Should these symptoms also be treated and, if so, which acid-reducing medications are safe for use during pregnancy? ANSWER Increased severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is associated with the presence of...

Functional heartburn is a common disorder and appears to be composed of several distinct subgroups. Identifying the different subgroups based on clinical history only is not achievable at present. The mechanisms responsible for pain, clinical characteristics, and the optimal therapeutic approach remain poorly understood. Response to potent antireflux treatment is relatively limited. Current and...