Our colleagues had a tough job to do. Using patientreported outcomes (PRO) instruments that may have lacked sensitivity to elicit subtle differences in outcomes important to patients, they compared PROs in oropharyngeal cancer patients treated with intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) versus those in patients treated with intensity modulated photon therapy (IMRT) (1). Sio et al hypothesize...

This study investigated the stability of the discharge identity of inspiratory decrementing (I-Dec) and augmenting (I-Aug) neurons in the caudal (cVRC) and rostral (rVRC) ventral respiratory column during repetitive fictive cough in the cat. Inspiratory neurons in the cVRC (n = 23) and rVRC (n = 17) were recorded with microelectrodes. Fictive cough was elicited by mechanical stimulation of the ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Acute cough is a very common symptom presentation among children in primary care and is usually due to respiratory infection, yet its cost is unknown. An estimate of the cost to healthcare providers and parents would aid budgetary decision-making, and provide an insight into the need for interventions to reduce the burden. PURPOSE To estimate the cost per child per episo...

Simple representations of KLR algebras can be used to realize the infinity crystal for the corresponding symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra. It was recently shown that, in finite and affine types, certain sub-categories of “cuspidal” representations realize crystals for sub-Kac-Moody algebras. Here we put that observation on a firmer categorical footing by exhibiting a corresponding functor betwee...

The unexpected and fascinating emergence of hyperbolic Coxeter groups and Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras in the investigation of gravitational theories in the vicinity of a cosmological singularity is briefly reviewed. Some open questions raised by this intriguing result, and some attempts to answer them, are outlined. Dedicated to Claudio Bunster on the occasion of his 60th birthday. To appear ...

Let X be the Dynkin diagram of a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra, and X0 a subgraph with all vertices of degree 1 or 2. Using the crystal structure on the components of quiver varieties for X , we show that if we expand X by extending X0, the branching multiplicities and tensor product multiplicities stabilize, provided the weights involved satisfy a condition which we call “depth” and are supp...