Bohr (1904) reported CO2 production of an embryo of Natrix natrix, weighing 0-46 g., to be 120 mm./g./hr. at 14-2° C ; the CO2 produced at 28 0 C. was 3 times that at 15 C , and production by a newly hatched snake at 15° C. was approximately 90 mm./g./hr. Other data are given, but they are not related to stage of development, and oxygen utilization was not measured. Zarrow & Pomerat (1937) made...

We successfully replaced the ovalbumin gene of a magnum region in chickens with a human plasminogen activator. We constructed pL-eGFP, pL-tPAGFP and pL-2.8OVtPAGFP vectors and cultured 293FT chicken embryo fibroblasts, chicken primordial germ cells, Hela C127 cells, and oviduct epithelial cells. All vectors were expressed in the transfected cells, except pL-2.8OVtPAGFP vector, which was only ex...

introduction: today, investigators pay attention to natural fluids (such as follicular and amniotic fluid) to use them as a medium or a supplement. using human amniotic fluid (haf) in some researches, not only improved in vitro development of preimplantation embryos but also significantly increased percentage of pregnancy. on the contrary, gianaroli et al. have claimed there was no significant ...

This paper describes the growth of HEp-3, a human epidermoid carcinoma, in the chick embryo. When inoculated onto the chorioallantoic membrane, the tumor grows locally with a doubling time of 21 to 24 hr and disseminates widely in the embryo proper, metastasis to the lung and heart being espe cially prominent. The tumor secretes large amounts of plasminogen activator (PA) both in vivo and in vi...

Our previous study has demonstrated cyclosporin A (CsA) promotes the migration and invasiveness of human first-trimester trophoblast cells in vitro. Here, we further investigated the effect of CsA on the early implantation in vitro of mouse embryo. Female C57 mice were superovulated and mated, and then two-cell embryos were harvested from the oviducts and sequentially cultured in vitro in G1 an...

Background: Fibroblast growth factors are a great family of growth factors that exert variety of functions in vertebrates including cell growth, survival, differentiation and migration. FGFRs are transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors transmitting FGF signals. Four types of FGFRs (1/2/3/4) exist in vertebrates. FGF2 is one of the FGFs detected in bovine and ovine uterus flushes, supposing that...

We examined the molecular basis of the circadian control of egg hatching behavior in the silkmoth Antheraea pernyi. Egg hatching is rhythmically gated, persists under constant darkness, and can be entrained by light by midembryogenesis. The time of appearance of photic entrainment by the silkmoth embryo coincides with the appearance of Period (PER) and Timeless (TIM) proteins in eight cells in ...

Signals from micromere descendants play a crucial role in sea urchin development. In this study, we demonstrate that these micromere descendants express HpTb, a T-brain homolog of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. HpTb is expressed transiently from the hatched blastula stage through the mesenchyme blastula stage to the gastrula stage. By a combination of embryo microsurgery and antisense morpholino e...

Embryotoxicity of the oil dispersant Corexit 9500 was examined using fertilized mallard duck eggs. Corexit 9500 was topically applied below the air cell to eggs in volumes ranging from 0 to 100 μL on day 3 of incubation. The highest incidence of mortality occurred at developmental stage 4, one day post-Corexit 9500 application. Hatching success was significantly decreased among eggs treated wit...

Abstract Several endemic species of Blaps occur in Tunisia, and the nefrauensis has been reported Moulares (urban zone west-central Tunisia), where it lives reproduces home gardens old buildings. The aim this work is to study life cycle darkling beetle, considering both field laboratory rearing conditions. As a result, beetle different developmental stages (egg, larva, prepupa, pupa, adult) tha...