Operation of a novel wavelength selective electro-optic flip-flop is demonstrated. The flip-flop consists of an anti-reflection coated two-section semiconductor laser diode with optical feedback from two fiber Bragg gratings. Electrical set and reset signals cause the lasing output to toggle between two distinct lasing wavelengths with a mode suppression ratio of greater than -35 dBm.

Flip-flops is critical timing elements in digital circuits which have a large impact on the circuit speed and power consumption. The performance of flip-flop is an important element to determine the efficiency of the whole synchronous circuit . In an attempt to reduce power consumption in flip-flops a low-power flip-flop (FF) design featuring an explicit type pulse-triggered structure and a mod...

Valproic acid (VPA) is a short, branched fatty acid with broad-spectrum anticonvulsant activity. It has been suggested that VPA acts directly on the plasma membrane. We calculated the free energy of interaction of VPA with a model lipid bilayer using simulated annealing and the continuum solvent model. Our calculations indicate that VPA is likely to partition into the bilayer both in its neutra...

AMPA receptors are hetero-oligomers composed of subsets of four distinct subunits, termed GluR1, GluR2, GluR3, and GluR4. Using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis, we have found that light-induced degeneration of rat retina dramatically suppresses developmental progression of the flip-to-flop alternative splicing switch of retinal GluR1 mRNA. When animals were raised under standard...

A modified Linear Feedback Shift Register is designed in which power consumption reduction by deactivating the clock signal to Flip Flop when the output signal is same as input signal. The power consumption of the new LFSR is reduced due to the reduced switching of Flip Flop To verify, the maximum, minimum and average

We experimentally demonstrate control of a holding-beam-enabled optical flip-flop by means of optical signals that act in a remote fashion. These optical-control signals vary the holding-beam power by means of cross-gain modulation within a remotely located semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The power-modulated holding beam then travels through a resonant-type SOA, where flip-flop action oc...

The ‘flip-flop’ phenomenon has now been found to occur on several late-type stars: active longitudes, associated with dark regions of the surface, are seen to jump by 180◦. A simple non-linear non-axisymmetric mean field dynamo model is described, in which for the first time magnetic behaviour is found that is akin to the observed flip-flop.

Glutamatergic transmission converging on calcium signaling plays a key role in dendritic differentiation. In early development, AMPA receptor (AMPAR) transcripts are extensively spliced and edited to generate subunits that differ in their biophysical properties. Whether these subunits have specific roles in the context of structural differentiation is unclear. We have investigated the role of n...

In this paper, we introduce design models for Totally Self Checking, Code Disjoint (T S C / C D) and Strongly Fault Secure, Strongly Code Disjoint (SFS/SCDJ synchronous controllers. The T S C / C D and SF / S C D models based on two new proposed low-cost, modular, Totally Self Checking (TSC), edge triggered and error propagating (code disjoint) Flip-Flops; one, a D Flip-Flop which can be used i...

Flip-flops and latches are the most important elements of a design for both a delay and energy point of view. In many electronics design low power consumption is basic need in most of the applications. The energy performance requirements enhance the most designers of next generation system towards the least possible power consumption. The power consumption is basically reduced by scaling of a p...