For every countable, connected graph A containing no one-way infinite path the following is shown: Let G be an arbitrary graph which contains for every positive integer n a system of n disjoint graphs each isomorphic to a subdivision of A. Then G also contains infinitely many disjoint subgraphs each isomorphic to a subdivision of A. In addition, corrections of errors are given that occur unfort...

Geçmişe yürümezliğe dair hukukilik denetiminde kökenlerini hukuki güvenlik ilkesinden alan iki ilkeye odaklanmak gerekir. Gerçek geçmişe yürüme bakımından kazanılmış haklara saygı, gerçek olmayan ise haklı beklentilerin korunması ilkesi, yürürlükteki kurallara duyulan güvenin zedelenmemesi suretiyle hukuk güvenilirliğinin tesis edilmesine yönelmektedir. Kanunların anayasal ilkesine yer veren An...

A48 Decreased blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein function with aging Martin Bauer, Rudolf Karch, Aiman Abrahim, Claudia C Wagner, Kurt Kletter, Markus Müller and Oliver Langer Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria Department of Medical Computer Sciences, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, Austr...

A star edge coloring of a graph is proper with no $2$-colored path or cycle length four. The chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ $G$ the minimum number $t$ for which has colors. We prove upper bounds complete bipartite graphs; in particular we obtain tight case when one part size at most $3$. also consider graphs where all vertices have maximum degree $2$ and other $b$. Let $k$ be an integer ($k\ge...

An incidence of a graph G is a pair (v, e) where v is a vertex of G and e is an edge of G incident with v. Two incidences (v, e) and (w, f) of G are adjacent whenever (i) v = w, or (ii) e = f , or (iii) vw = e or f . An incidence p-colouring of G is a mapping from the set of incidences of G to the set of colours {1, . . . , p} such that every two adjacent incidences receive distinct colours. In...

A well-known theorem of Halin implies that the graphs not containing a TKa, where a is any regular uncountable cardinal, can be decomposed into induced subgraphs of order < a which are arranged in a tree-like fashion. We formalize this observation by introducing the new concept of a generalized tree-decomposition, which is shown to extend in a natural way the familiar tree-decompositions of fin...

The Quadratic Travelling Salesman Problem (QTSP) is to find a least cost Hamilton cycle in an edge-weighted graph, where costs are defined on all pairs of edges contained in the Hamilton cycle. This is a more general version than the commonly studied QTSP which only considers pairs of adjacent edges. We define a restricted version of QTSP, the k-neighbour TSP (TSP(k)), and give a linear time al...

We investigate two types of graph layouts, track layouts and layered path decompositions, and the relations between their associated parameters track-number and layered pathwidth. We use these two types of layouts to characterize leveled planar graphs, the graphs with planar layered drawings with no dummy vertices. It follows from the known NP-completeness of leveled planarity that track-number...

Culprit cells and molecules in the hot plaque Göran Hansson 11 nflammare: to set on fire. It was around the time of the birth of Christ that the Roman physician Celsus proposed his four cardinal signs of inflammation: redness, swelling, heat and pain. Two centuries later the Greek physician Galen promoted the concept of “laudable pus”, to express his humoral view of inflammation as a beneficial...