Background: Previous studies have demonstrated deficits in biosynthesis of plasmalogens and sphingolipids in Alzheimer ’s Disease (AD). Objective: We undertook an analysis of alternate biomarkers of lipid synthesis, metabolism, and remodeling “Lands” cycle in the plasma of control and cognitively impaired patients based upon their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Methods: Plasma lev...

Gender, Time Use and Public Policy over the Life Cycle In this paper we compare gender differences in the allocation of time to market work, domestic work, child care, and leisure over the life cycle. Time use profiles for these activity categories are constructed on survey data for three countries: Australia, the UK and Germany. We discuss the extent to which gender differences and life cycle ...

We study optimal taxation in an environment where the agents di er in their work opportunity costs. The opportunity cost of work is xed, independent of the number of hours worked: the only decision of the agents is to (full time) participate, or not, in the labor force. The planner, who does not observe the opportunity costs, is utilitarian. We nd a large class of planner objectives where it is...

Historically, in virtually all developed economies there seems to be clear evidence of an inverse relationship between female labor supply and fertility. However, particularly in the last decade or so, the rela-tionship across countries has been positive: for example countries like Germany, Italy and Spain with the lowest fertility rates also have the lowest female participation rates. We accep...

In recent years, the number of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., fields heavily infested by Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), has increased in the Great Plains of the United States. Historically, resistance genes in wheat have been the most efficient means of controlling this insect pest. To determine which resistance genes are still effective in this area, virulence of six Hessian fly popula...

In recent years, the number of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., Þelds heavily infested by Hessian ßy, Mayetiola destructor (Say), has increased in the Great Plains of the United States. Historically, resistance genes in wheat have been the most efÞcient means of controlling this insect pest. To determine which resistance genes are still effective in this area, virulence of six Hessian ßy population...

This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the tax and transfer systems in the European Union and the US to act as an automatic stabilizer in the current economic crisis. We find that automatic stabilizers absorb 38 per cent of a proportional income shock in the EU, compared to 32 per cent in the US. In the case of an unemployment shock 48 per cent of the shock are absorbed in the EU, compared to...

Tax Evasion, Welfare Fraud, and “The Broken Windows” Effect: An Experiment in Belgium, France and the Netherlands In a series of experiments conducted in Belgium (Wallonia and Flanders), France and the Netherlands, we compare behavior regarding tax evasion and welfare dodging, with and without information about others’ behavior. Subjects have to decide between a ‘registered’ income, the realiza...

Several important empirical studies (for example, Altonji, Hayashi, and Kotlikoff, 1992, 1996, 1997) have found that households are not altruistically linked in a way consistent with the standard Ricardian model, as put forward by Barro (1974). We built a two-sided altruistic-linkage model in which private transfers are made in the presence of two types of shocks: an observable shock that is pu...