OBJECTIVES To evaluate the sensitivity and tolerability of shortened, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-potentiated, head-up tilt test (HUT) in patients older and younger than 65 with unexplained syncope and to compare the specificity of GTN-potentiated HUT (GTN-HUT) in older and younger controls. DESIGN Methodological study. SETTING Syncope units in secondary and tertiary hospitals. PARTICIPANTS...

A welded rectangular hollow section (RHS) X-joint exposed to tension loading has three typical fracture-related failure modes: Punching shear (PSF), Brace (BF), and Chord side wall (CSWF). Prediction of these modes by finite element (FE) simulations requires modelling the material damage. An appropriate damage model accurately predicts behaviour fracture zone provides necessary information impr...

We assessed the concentration of nitroglycerin (GTN) measured in plasma at different sampling sites in the circulation during a constant i.v. infusion. Twenty patients with chronic congestive cardiac failure underwent hemodynamic monitoring during i.v. GTN infusion. Our end point was a reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure by at least 25% of its control value or a 10-fold increment ov...

BACKGROUND Chronic therapy with nitroglycerin (GTN) results in a rapid development of nitrate tolerance which is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). According to recent studies, mitochondrial ROS formation and oxidative inactivation of the organic nitrate bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) play an important role for the devel...

it has been proposed that organic nitrates such as glyceryl trinitrate (gtn), used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, act by producing nitric oxide (no). however, the biochemical pathway for no formation from gtn is not well understood. in the present study, we showed that nitrate formation from gtn, by isolated rat hepatocytes, was inhibited about 50% when cellular glutathione was de...

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is highly chemosensitive and has a high cure rate. Since the introduction of chemotherapy, reliable measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, and individualised risk-based therapy into the management of GTN, almost all low-risk and more than 80 % of high-risk GTN cases are curable. However, approximately 25 % of high-risk GTN developed r...

The effects of nitroprusside (NP), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), and the 8-bromo analog of cyclic GMP (8-Br-cGMP) on norepinephrine (NE)-stimulated phosphorylase a formation and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation were examined in the rat aorta. NE produced a time-dependent increase in tension, phosphorylase a formation, and MLC phosphorylation. The formation of phosphorylase a and phosphoryl...

BACKGROUND Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) refers to malignant lesions that arise from abnormal proliferation of placental trophoblast. Even in its metastatic forms GTN is curable with a cure rate of 90-100 %. Currently, methotrexate with or without folic acid, andactinomycin D is recommended for low risk GTN. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of methotrexate and actino...

BACKGROUND Nitrates are widely used to treat coronary artery disease, but their therapeutic value is compromised by the rapid development of tolerance. Recently, the renin-angiotensin system has been suggested to play an important role in the development of nitrate tolerance. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-four patients with coronary spastic angina were investigated to clarify the effect of angiot...