inflation has always been an economic problem and different solutions have been proposed to control it. although it is said that “higher output lowers inflation rate” but it is true when other factors are constant. this study searches the answer to the following question: “what is the effect of inflation rate and output in a case that inflation rate and output growth has a volatility trend?” to...

in almost all countries around the world (developed as well as developing countries) the public sector economics has been growing very rapidly and caused the share of government expenditures in gdp to rise over time. although in recent years, especially from the end of 1980, for different reasons especially privatization the trend of public sector growth has been slowed, but the factors behindt...

Real GDP and oil prices are decomposed into common stochastic trend and cycle processes, using structural time series models. Potential real GDP is represented by the level of the trend component of real GDP. The potential rate of growth of real GDP is represented by the stochastic drift element of the trend component. We find that there is a strong association at the trend and cycle frequencie...

The Heihe River Basin (HRB) is the second largest inland river basin in China, characterized by high diversity in geomorphology and irrigated agriculture in middle reaches. To improve the knowledge about the relationship between biotic and hydrological processes, this study used Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data (1982-2006) to analy...

A broad and popular class of innovation-based endogenous growth models implies that the steady-state growth rate of per capita output is increasing in the steady-state inducement to innovate. This paper presents evidence that in the sample periods 18901929 and 1947-1998, the US economy can be characterized as having fluctuated around two distinct steady states. It then quantifies the relationsh...

When you look at library job advertisements you often come across the boilerplate requirement: " awareness of latest trends in academic librarianship. " We want to hire knowledgeable librarians who are up-to-date on issues, best practices, and the major challenges of our field. In the course of an interview, candidates will likely display their currency about academic librarian-ship by answerin...