London theory was developed by Fritz London in 1935 to describe the Meissner effect. This theory leads to the introduction of the penetration depth to describe the extent of magnetic field penetration, λ into type I superconductors. The penetration depth is also important in type II superconductors and describes the extent of flux penetration near vortices as well as at surfaces. Prior to his s...

We investigate the effect of random columnar disorder on the superconducting phase transition of a type-II superconductor in zero applied magnetic field using numerical simulations of three dimensional XY and vortex loop models. We consider both an unscreened model, in which the bare magnetic penetration length is approximated as infinite, and a strongly screened model, in which the magnetic pe...

The embedment length (EL) of full-grouting rock bolts is a core factor in bolt reinforcement. Therefore, understanding the influence EL on reinforcement performance benefits quality. To realise this purpose, paper adopted numerical modelling method. In method, structural elements modified piles were used. elastic debonding law was incorporated into pile to model behaviour surface between and gr...

Shaped-charge penetration of explosives is studied analytically and experimentally. Two models are developed, each applicable to a different regime of jet velocity. The first addresses high-velocity penetration. If a jet is sufficiently fast, its penetration velocity will exceed the explosive's detonation velocity, and the process may achieve a steady state with the crater following the detonat...

The longevity of grouting has a significant effect on the safe and sustainable operation of many engineering projects. A 500-day experiment was carried out to study the long-term mechanical behavior of nano silica sol grouting. The nano silica sol was activated with different proportions of a NaCl catalyst and cured under fluctuating temperature and humidity conditions. The mechanical parameter...