RATIONALE Recent evidence indicates that the biological effects of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) cannot be fully explained by its catalytic activity. A cell surface receptor for sPLA2 (PLA2 receptor 1 [PLA2R]) and its high-affinity ligands (including sPLA2-IB, sPLA2-IIE, and sPLA2-X) are expressed in the infarcted myocardium. OBJECTIVE This study asked whether PLA2R might play a pathogen...

We analyzed the ability of a diverse set of mammalian secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) to release arachidonate for lipid mediator generation in two transfected cell lines. In human embryonic kidney 293 cells, the heparin-binding enzymes sPLA(2)-IIA, -IID, and -V promote stimulus-dependent arachidonic acid release and prostaglandin E(2) production in a manner dependent on the heparan sulfat...

Despite numerous investigations, the causes underlying anthracycline cardiomyopathy are yet to be established. We have recently reported that acute treatment with anthracyclines inhibits membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)) activity both in vitro and in vivo. This study presents data that iPLA(2) activity is also suppressed during chronic drug administration. Adu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2 II) in blood has been reported to increase in acute pancreatitis and to reflect the severity of pancreatitis. Here we investigated the effect of inhibition of PLA2 using siRNA gene knockdown in vitro and in an in vivo model of experimental pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J in vitro was cultured w...

We analyzed a recently reported (K. Seno, T. Okuno, K. Nishi, Y. Murakami, F. Watanabe, T. Matsuur, M. Wada, Y. Fujii, M. Yamada, T. Ogawa, T. Okada, H. Hashizume, M. Kii, S.-H. Hara, S. Hagishita, S. Nakamoto, J. Med. Chem. 43 (2000)) pyrrolidine-based inhibitor, pyrrolidine-1, against the human group IV cytosolic phospholipase A2 K-isoform (cPLA2K). Pyrrolidine-1 inhibits cPLA2K by 50% when p...

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has an essential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. AIMS This study aimed at identifying cells in intestinal and mesenteric tissue samples that might express group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2-II) at the mRNA and enzyme protein levels in patients with ulcerative colitis. PATIENTS AND TISSUE SAMPLES: Tissue sample...

Hydrolysis of surfactant phospholipids by secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2)) contributes to surfactant dysfunction in acute respiratory distress syndrome. The present study demonstrates that sPLA(2)-IIA, sPLA(2)-V, and sPLA(2)-X efficiently hydrolyze surfactant phospholipids in vitro. In contrast, sPLA(2)-IIC, -IID, -IIE, and -IIF have no effect. Since purified surfactant protein A (SP-A) h...

Mutations in PLA2G6 have been proposed to be the cause of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 2. The present study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying brain iron accumulation during the deficiency of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 beta (iPLA2β), which is encoded by the PLA2G6 gene. Perl's staining with diaminobenzidine enhancement was used to visualize brain iron acc...

Previous studies have demonstrated that U937 cells are able to mobilize arachidonic acid (AA) and synthesize prostaglandins in response to receptor-directed and soluble stimuli by a mechanism that involves the activation of Group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha. In this paper we show that these cells also mobilize AA in response to an oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2) through a mechanis...