OBJECTIVE Tracheostomy is one of the most frequent interventions for ICU patients. The current trend in performing a tracheostomy is a percutaneous approach because of its popularity and significant advantages. In this study, certain indications of surgical tracheostomy (ST) are suggested and furthermore, ST is compared with percutaneous tracheostomy (PT). PATIENT AND METHODS We performed a U...

An L(p, 1)-labelling of a graph is a function f from the vertex set to the positive integers such that |f(x) − f(y)| ≥ p if dist(x, y) = 1 and |f(x)− f(y)| ≥ 1 if dist(x, y) = 2, where dist(x, y) is the distance between the two vertices x and y in the graph. The span of an L(p, 1)labelling f is the difference between the largest and the smallest labels used by f plus 1. In 1992, Griggs and Yeh ...

Treelines are areas where the potential of upright woody vegetation to occur ends and only the survival of prostrate vegetation is possible. Northern and alpine treeline areas are transition zones between boreal forest and alpine or arctic tundra. While sometimes conceived of as a broad transition zone, treelines in our study areas are relatively sharply defined borders between forested sites a...

Differentiation between primary and secondary forms of mitral regurgitation poses a frequent and important clinical problem. In the primary variety of mitral incompetence, there is distortion of the valve leaflets, rupture or redundancy of the chordae tendineae, or papillary muscle rupture. Heart failure, if present at all in such cases, is assumed to be a consequence of the large regurgitant v...

We have shown previously that, compared to other enteroviruses, the coxsackievirus A9 (CAV-9) prototype strain, Griggs, contains a C-terminal extension to the capsid protein VP1 and that within this extension there is an RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) motif. To determine whether these features are found in other CAV-9 strains and therefore analyse whether they are likely to be functionall...

Low-temperature high-stress rheology of olivine was investigated under water-saturated conditions by large strain shear deformation experiments using the Griggs-type apparatus. Samples at T=1273–1373K and P=2GPa under water-saturated conditions deformed under a significantly lower applied stress than expected from the power-law relation and the strain rate increases more rapidly with stress. Th...

Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) is an underutilized forage legume in the Mountain West. It has several unique characteristics that make it worth considering, particularly for pasture. One of the key reasons to use birdsfoot trefoil is that it does not cause bloat when grazed as green, standing forage, even in pure stands. This is due to the presence of condensed tannins which bind with s...

593–598. 29. Airaghi L, Montori D, Santambrogio L, Miadonna A, Tedeschi A. Chronic systemic capillary leak syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature. J Intern Med 2000;247:731–735. 30. Yndestad A, Damas JK, Oie E, Ueland T, Gullestad L, Aukrust P. Systemic inflammation in heart failure—the whys and wherefores. Heart Fail Rev 2006;11:83–92. 31. Dixon DL, Griggs KM, Bersten AD, De P...

1. Mission to Venus Mai-Trinh Pham, Zachary Griggs, Chris Johnson, and Taj Ballinger, Department of Physics and Astronomy The Mission To Venus (MTV) team proposes a planetary mission to: 1) search for evidence of current Venusian volcanic activity; 2) search for specifics about rocks and volcanic activity type at Iduun Mons; 3) identify specifics of Venusian surface structures; in an effort to ...

Consider the minimum number f(m,n) of zeroes in a 2m×2n (0, 1)-matrixM that contains no m×n submatrix of ones. This special case of the well-known Zarankiewicz problem was studied by Griggs and Ouyang, who showed, for m ≤ n, that 2n+m+1 ≤ f(m,n) ≤ 2n + 2m − gcd(m,n) + 1. The lower bound is sharp when m is fixed for all large n. They proposed determining limm→∞{f(m,m+ 1)/m}. In this paper, we sh...