The aim of this work is the identification of software project quality performance measures that would enable valid comparison and ranking of the completed projects. Software projects can be characterized by a set of influence factors. A subset of the influence factors is relevant for software project quality. In order to predict and determine the ranking of software projects by their success, ...

Uncertainties in a control system may be the results modeling errors, measurement errors, parameter variations and a linearization approximation. Most physical dynamical systems and industrial process can be described as discrete time uncertain subsystems. Similarly, the unavoidable computation delay may cause a delay time, which can be considered as timedelay in the input part of the original ...

Structured documents have become a widely accepted concept for document manipulation applications like editing, formatting, and archiving. However, some aspects of structured documents are still not well understood. In particular, the transition in structured documents from logical structure to contents, is a grey area in which different systems use different interpretations. In this article, w...

Grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is a new technique, which can be applied successfully for solving optimized problems. The GWO indeed simulates the leadership hierarchy and hunting mechanism of grey wolves. There are four types of grey wolves which are alpha, beta, delta and omega. Those four types can be used for simulating the leadership hierarchy. In order to complete the process of GWO a three mai...

Based on the grey theory, grey characters of river environment system are analyzed, the velocity and dispersion coefficient and attenuation in river are considered as uncertainty parameters and expressed as gray parameters. A grey differential equation of contaminant diffusion in river is built. And the equation has special structure. The truncation error of finite differential method in solvin...

The research scope of grey relational analysis has not been developed in recent years, and the exiting GRA models are all based on three perspectives, including distance perspective, slope perspective, and area perspective. Under this situation, a novel model called grey relational analysis based on angle perspective (GRAAP) was developed in this paper for the first time, and this model can exp...

Grey prediction models for time series have been widely applied to demand forecasting because only limited data are required for them to build a time series model without any statistical assumptions. Previous studies have demonstrated that the combination of grey prediction with neural networks helps grey prediction perform better. Some methods have been presented to improve the prediction accu...

Recently, Fuzzy Grey Cognitive Map (FGCM) has been proposed as a FCM extension. It is based on Grey System Theory, that it is focused on solving problems with high uncertainty, under discrete incomplete and small data sets. The FGCM nodes are variables, representing grey concepts. The relationships between nodes are represented by directed edges. An edge linking two nodes models the grey causal...