The economic and social impact of food allergy affects many sectors of society.There are associated costs to individuals,their carers and their households,potentially over a lifetime. In the health sector resourses are required for diagnosis,support and education.The entire food chain is affected through extra costs,food regulations and moral obligations.Also the employment sector is affected i...

Traceability is a modern concept that allows following a product’s route from raw materials to the selling stage, taking into consideration its complete flow by means of identifying and tracking procedures and documents. Recently, food traceability has gained significant importance as it allows efficient identification, correction or removal of risk factors throughout the food chain in order to...

Global warming has revitalized interest in the relationship between body size and temperature, proposed by Bergmann's rule 150 years ago, one of the oldest manifestations of a 'biogeography of traits'. We review biogeographic evidence, results from clonal cultures and recent micro- and mesocosm experiments with naturally mixed phytoplankton communities regarding the response of phytoplankton bo...

Despite overall increased production in the last century, it is critical that grazing production systems focus on improving beef and dairy efficiency to meet current and future global food demands. For livestock producers, production efficiency is essential to maintain long-term profitability and sustainability. This continued viability of production systems using pastureand range-based grazing...

We use data on all the new restaurants opened in Texas between 1980 and 1995 by seven of the largest nationally franchised fast-food chains to examine empirically the extent of multi-unit ownership in franchised chains and the way in which franchisors allocate the ownership of units among franchisees. We find that individual franchisees are much more likely to be assigned the ownership of a par...

M~crobial processes are now perceived to be an important component of the marlne food chaln Mathematical models present a quantltatlve means of analys~ng lnterspecles lnteract~ons within food webs Although detalled models of i n d ~ v ~ d u a l components of the m~crobial food web (bacteria, phytoplankton, protozoan predators) have been denved, t hen incorporation into large-scale food web mode...

Polonium-210 is an alpha particle emitting radioactive element with a half-life of 138 days. It appears at the end of the decay-chain of Uranium-238 where the long lived Lead-210 (22.3 a) decays to Bismuth-210, and finally Polonium-210. Po is introduced into the biosphere through various routes of terrestrial and marine radioecological pathways. The level of Po activity in drinking water (5 Bq....

Despite overall increased production in the last century, it is critical that grazing production systems focus on improving beef and dairy efficiency to meet current and future global food demands. For livestock producers, production efficiency is essential to maintain long-term profitability and sustainability. This continued viability of production systems using pasture- and range-based grazi...

Based on comprehensive measurements of plankton abundance and production, quantitative carbon flow diagrams were established for the pelagic community of a large lake (1... Constance) for ten successive time intervals during the seasonal course of 1987. Using reasonable diet compositions and parameters (e.g. trophic transfer efficiencies in the range of 10-35%), mass-balance conditions could be...

With the help of coincidence degree theory, sufficient conditions for existence of periodic solutions for a food chain model with functional responses on time scales are established. Keywords—time scales, food chain model, coincidence degree, periodic solutions.