Cosmic acceleration is explained quantitatively, as an apparent effect due to gravitational energy differences that arise in the decoupling of bound systems from the global expansion of the universe. “Dark energy” is a misidentification of those aspects of gravitational energy which by virtue of the equivalence principle cannot be localised, namely gradients in the energy due to the expansion o...

We estimate the possible variations of the gravitational constant G in the framework of a generalized (BergmannWagoner-Nordtvedt) scalar-tensor theory of gravity on the basis of the field equations, without using their special solutions. Specific estimates are essentially related to the values of other cosmological parameters (the Hubble and acceleration parameters, the dark matter density etc....

The Machian cosmological solution satisfying φ = O(ρ/ω) for the perfect-fluid with negative pressure is discussed. When the coefficient of the equation of state γ → −1/3, the gravitational constant approaches to constant. If we assume the present mass density ρ0 ∼ ρc (critical density), the parameter ǫ (γ = (ǫ− 1)/3) has a value of order 10−3 to support the present gravitational constant. The c...

Mass transfer in porous media has been of interest to a number of researchers in the field of engineering. The transfer of substances is generally attributed to diffusion, convection of pore fluid and, in some cases, reaction with surfaces of porous media. It is difficult to understand owing to the great sensitivity to ambient conditions such as gravity, boundary geometry and fluid properties. ...

Robertson HT, Hlastala MP. Microsphere maps of regional blood flow and regional ventilation. J Appl Physiol 102: 1265–1272, 2007. First published December 7, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00756.2006.—Systematically mapped samples cut from lungs previously labeled with intravascular and aerosol microspheres can be used to create high-resolution maps of regional perfusion and regional ventilatio...

This study was undertaken to assess the influence of gravity on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) using increased inertial force as a perturbation. PBF was studied in unanesthetized swine exposed to -Gx (dorsal-to-ventral direction, prone position), where G is the magnitude of the force of gravity at the surface of the Earth, on the Armstrong Laboratory Centrifuge at Brooks Air For...

We study the massless flow from the critical point (dilute loops) to the low-temperature phase (dense loops) of the O(n) loop gas model when the model is coupled to 2D gravity. The flow is generated by the gravitationally dressed thermal operator Φ1,3 coupled to the renormalized loop tension λ ∼ T − Tc. We find that the susceptibility as a function of the thermal coupling λ and the cosmological...

Conventional non-Abelian SO(4) gauge theory is able to describe gravity provided the gauge field possesses a specific polarized vacuum state. In this vacuum the instantons and antiinstantons have a preferred direction of orientation. Their orientation plays the role of the order parameter for the polarized phase of the gauge field. The interaction of a weak and smooth gauge field with the polar...

g – standard gravitational acceleration, m/s μ gravitational constant, km/s mdry – spacecraft mass without fuel, kg mwet – spacecraft mass with total fuel, kg mhighF – high-thrust system fuel mass, kg mHSTF – hybrid system fuel mass, kg m02 – spacecraft mass after phase 1 of the transfer, kg ∆Vhigh – high-thrust only system ∆V, m/s ∆VH – high-thrust portion of hybrid system ∆V, m/s ∆VL – low-th...

A discussion is given of the uncertainty principle in view of the introduction of a Gravitational Planck Constant. The need for such a gravitational constant is shown first. A reduced electromagnetic Planck constant and the analogous reduced gravitational Planck constant are defined as h/e and H/m respectively. An attempt is made to reconcile the quantum uncertainty concepts with a deterministi...