We have developed an easy route to prepare (nano-ZrO2,nano-ZrCx)@C composites with varying ZrO2/ZrCx content. The process consists of preparing a zirconium-loaded, iminodiacetate-functionalized styrene-divinylbenzene (STY-DVB) copolymer, and its subsequent carbonization in tube furnace and/or thermal plasma reactor. Depending on the zirconium salt used (zirconyl chloride, zirconyl nitrate or (I...

Micro-alloyed steel components are used in automotive industry for the necessity to make the manufacturing process cycles shorter when compared to conventional steel by eliminating heat treatment cycles, so an important saving of costs and energy can be reached by reducing the number of operations. Microalloying elements like vanadium, niobium or titanium have been added to medium carbon steels...

Recycling the degraded graphite is becoming increasingly important, which can helped conserve natural resources, reduce waste, and provide economic environmental benefits. However, current regeneration methods usually suffer from use of harmful chemicals, high energy time consumption, poor scalability. Herein, we report a continuously high-temperature heating (≈2000 K) process to directly rapid...