We consider the problem of deciding whether an input graph G admits a topological embedding into a two-dimensional simplicial complex C . This problem includes, among others, the embeddability problem of a graph on a surface and the topological crossing number of a graph, but is more general. The problem is NP-complete when C is part of the input, and we give a polynomial-time algorithm if the ...

An embedding of a 3-regular graph in a surface is called polyhedral if its dual is a simple graph. An old graph-coloring conjecture is that every 3-regular graph with a polyhedral embedding in an orientable surface has a 3-edge-coloring. An affirmative solution of this problem would generalize the dual form of the Four Color Theorem to every orientable surface. In this paper we present a negati...

In a book embedding of a graph G, the vertices of G are placed in order along a straight-line called spine of the book, and the edges of G are drawn on a set of half-planes, called the pages of the book, such that two edges drawn on a page do not cross each other. The minimum number of pages in which a graph can be embedded is called the book-thickness or the page-number of the graph. It is kno...

Problems in simultaneous graph drawing involve the layout of several graphs on a shared vertex set. This paper describes a Graph Simultaneous Embedding Tool, GraphSET, designed to allow the investigation of a wide range of embedding problems. GraphSET can be used in the study of several variants of simultaneous embedding including simultaneous geometric embedding, simultaneous embedding with fi...

Let C be the family of 2D curves described by concave functions, let G be a planar graph, and let L be a linear ordering of the vertices of G. L is a curve embedding of G if for any given curve Λ ∈ C there exists a planar drawing of G such that: (i) the vertices are constrained to be on Λ with the same ordering as in L, and (ii) the edges are polylines with at most one bend. Informally speaking...

Knowledge bases built in the knowledge processing field have a problem that experts to add rules or update them through modifications. To solve this problem, research has been conducted on graph expansion methods using deep learning technology, and recent years, many studies of generating by embedding graph’s triple information continuous vector space. In paper, literature summary, we propose d...

Abs t rac t . This paper is devoted to the study of graph embeddings in the grid of non-planar surfaces. We provide an adequate model for those embeddings and we study the complexity of minimizing the number of bends. In particular, we prove that testing whether a graph admits a rectilinear (without bends) embedding essentially equivalent to a given embedding, and that given a graph, testing if...

Software watermarking involves embedding a unique identifier within a piece of software, to discourage software theft. The global revenue loss due to software piracy was estimated to be more than $50 billion in 2008. We survey the proposed software watermarking algorithms based on graph encoding. Graph based watermarking schemes, like other watermarking schemes, can be divided into two groups: ...

The random graph is an infinite graph with the universal property that any embedding of G−v extends to an embedding of G, for any finite graph. In this paper we show that this graph embeds in the curve graph of a surface Σ if and only if Σ has infinite genus, showing that the curve system on an infinite genus surface is “as complicated as possible”.