The aim of this article is to determine whether there opportunistic behavior in local government decisions related contracting out, public-private partnership (PPP) and/or public externalization. Analysis the results obtained from applying a fixed effects panel data model sample 2,274 Spanish municipalities supports existence asymmetric behavior. Specifically, strong evidence that preelection y...

Economic growth as an increase in community output caused by the increasing number of production processes without any changes methods or technology itself. There are four factors economic growth, namely human resources, natural capital formation, and technology. Government spending acts formation provision public facilities, but these facilities private sector will not want to invest. The purp...

We analyze the link between entry and R&D spending distribution. We consider a monopolistic competitive market with free entry in which firms can invest in cost-cutting R&D by paying a fixed cost first. For an intermediate level of fixed cost, there is a unique equilibrium in which the market segments into investing and non-investing firms. We show that the measure of R&D investing firms decrea...

We present a dynamic two-region model with overlapping generations. There are two types of productive public expenditure, education and infrastructure funding, and governments decide optimally on budget size (tax rate) and its allocation across the two outlays. Productivity of government infrastructure spending can differ across regions. This assumption follows well established empirical eviden...

To improve economic growth acceleration, the Nigerian government should continue to formulate and implement several policies including exchange rate policy regimes. Exchange regime of any could be a fixed when price country’s currency in terms another is value by monetary authority; it floating left determined forces demand supply, while managed-floating undertaken there an element both Followi...

Over many years, Ben Friedman’s economic research and writings in political economy frame economic analysis of— and moral consideration of—large government budget deficits and the need for fiscal consolidation in the United States. In his book The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, Friedman emphasizes the salutary effects economic growth for openness and social cohesion. This essay emphasiz...

I argue that fiscal policy uncertainty can have large and adverse effects when the monetary authority is constrained by the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates. Using a new-Keynesian model with endogenous capital accumulation, I show that uncertainty about short-run and longrun fiscal policy can cause large falls in consumption, investment, and output when the zero lower bound binds, but...

Understanding the dynamics of productivity shocks is instrumental if we are to identify the sources of economic growth. This paper, investigates dynamic effects of positives productivity shocks to agricultural subsectors during the period from 1991-2015, by disaggregating agricultural sector in Iran into four key subsectors (crops, livestock, fishing and forestry) through an estimated DSGE mode...

Entrepreneurship usually takes place in innovative systems, mostly cities. Cities, with unique features, may alter the impact of entrepreneurship. This paper employs multiple regression models to assess entrepreneurship on economic growth, considering moderation effect city context. We use Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as dependent variable and government spending, labor, fixed financial capital...